--- title: 1 Samuel 26:8 (JPS 1917) — Then said Abishai to David: 'God hath delivered up thine enemy into… · tree and pragmatics description: Then said Abishai to David: 'God hath delivered up thine enemy into thy hand this day; now therefore let me smite him, I pray thee, with the spear to the earth at one stroke, and I will not smite him the second time.' Who acts: Abishai, God, me, I. 1 Samuel 26:8 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.775/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/) / [chapter 26](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/26/) / [26:8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.26.8/) / JPS 1 # 1 Samuel 26:8 · JPS 1917 Then said Abishai to David: 'God hath delivered up thine enemy into thy hand this day; now therefore let me smite him, I pray thee, with the spear to the earth at one stroke, and I will not smite him the second time.' **Who acts:** Abishai, God, me, I · **What happens:** say, deliver up, let, smite, pray, not smite · **To what, where:** David, enemy, hand, me, one stroke, thee · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is 1 Samuel 26:8 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Abishai, God, me, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:1SA:775 # text = Then said Abishai to David: 'God hath delivered up thine enemy into thy hand this day; now therefore let me smite him, I pray thee, with the spear to the earth at one stroke, and I will not smite him the second time.' 1 Then then ADV RB PronType=Dem 2 advmod _ _ 2 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 Abishai Abishai PROPN NNP Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ _ 4 to to ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 5 David David PROPN NNP Number=Sing 2 obl _ _ 6 : : PUNCT : _ 10 punct _ _ 7 ' ' PUNCT `` _ 10 punct _ _ 8 God God PROPN NNP Number=Sing 10 nsubj _ _ 9 hath have AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 10 aux _ _ 10 delivered deliver VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 2 ccomp _ _ 11 up up ADP RP _ 10 compound:prt _ _ 12 thine thy PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 13 nmod:poss _ _ 13 enemy enemy NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 obj _ _ 14 into into ADP IN _ 16 case _ _ 15 thy thy PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 16 nmod:poss _ _ 16 hand hand NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 obl _ _ 17 this this DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 18 det _ _ 18 day day NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 obl:unmarked _ _ 19 ; ; PUNCT : _ 22 punct _ _ 20 now now ADV RB PronType=Dem 22 advmod _ _ 21 therefore therefore ADV RB _ 22 advmod _ _ 22 let let VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 10 parataxis _ _ 23 me I PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 22 obj _ _ 24 smite smite VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 22 xcomp _ _ 25 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 24 obj _ _ 26 , , PUNCT , _ 28 punct _ _ 27 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 28 nsubj _ _ 28 pray pray VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 22 parataxis _ _ 29 thee thou PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 28 obj _ _ 30 , , PUNCT , _ 33 punct _ _ 31 with with ADP IN _ 33 case _ _ 32 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 33 det _ _ 33 spear spear NOUN NN Number=Sing 24 obl _ _ 34 to to ADP IN _ 36 case _ _ 35 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 36 det _ _ 36 earth earth NOUN NN Number=Sing 24 nmod _ _ 37 at at ADP IN _ 39 case _ _ 38 one one NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 39 nummod _ _ 39 stroke stroke NOUN NN Number=Sing 24 nmod _ _ 40 , , PUNCT , _ 45 punct _ _ 41 and and CCONJ CC _ 45 cc _ _ 42 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 45 nsubj _ _ 43 will will AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 45 aux _ _ 44 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 45 advmod _ _ 45 smite smite VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 22 conj _ _ 46 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 45 obj _ _ 47 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 49 det _ _ 48 second second ADJ JJ Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord 49 amod _ _ 49 time time NOUN NN Number=Sing 45 obl:unmarked _ _ 50 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ 51 ' ' PUNCT '' _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: suggest - voice: character - polarity: neg - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Abishai | | David | | then | | vn indicate-78-1 «NP V PP.recipient that S»: agent=Pivot to david=Experiencer clause=Topic | | 2 | **deliver up** | present · perfect | God | thine enemy | | thy hand | day | | vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent enemy=Patient | | 3 | **let** | infinitive | | me | | | now | therefore *property* | tree rules | | 4 | **smite** | infinitive | me *not said here* | David | | one stroke | | with the spear; to the earth *result* | vn hit-18.1 «NP V NP PP.result PP.instrument»: agent=Agent he=Patient with spear=Instrument to earth=Result | | 5 | **pray** | present | I | thee | | | | | tree rules | | 6 | **not** **smite** | future | I | David | | | time | | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus he=Experiencer | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וַיֹּ֤אמֶר אֲבִישַׁי֙ אֶל־דָּוִ֔ד סִגַּ֨ר אֱלֹהִ֥ים הַיּ֛וֹם אֶת־אוֹיִבְךָ֖ בְּיָדֶ֑ךָ וְעַתָּה֩ אַכֶּ֨נּוּ נָ֜א בַּחֲנִ֤ית וּבָאָ֙רֶץ֙ פַּ֣עַם אַחַ֔ת וְלֹ֥א אֶשְׁנֶ֖ה לֽוֹ׃ [1 Samuel 26:8: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.26.8/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1SA:775` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [1 Samuel 26:7 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.774/) - next →: [1 Samuel 26:9 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.776/) - ↑ back to [1 Samuel 26:8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.26.8/)