---
title: 1 Samuel 27:2 (JPS 1917) — And David arose, and passed over, he and the six hundred men that we… · tree and pragmatics
description: And David arose, and passed over, he and the six hundred men that were with him, unto Achish the son of Maoch, king of Gath. Who acts: David, hundred men. 1 Samuel 27:2 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# 1 Samuel 27:2 · JPS 1917

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And David arose, and passed over, he and the six hundred men that were with him, unto Achish the son of Maoch, king of Gath.

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**Who acts:** David, hundred men · **What happens:** arise, pass over, be · **To what, where:** David

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This is 1 Samuel 27:2 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (David, hundred men), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:1SA:797
# text = And David arose, and passed over, he and the six hundred men that were with him, unto Achish the son of Maoch, king of Gath.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	David	David	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	arose	arise	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	passed	pass	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
7	over	over	ADV	RP	_	6	advmod	_	_
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	obl:unmarked	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
12	six	six	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	13	compound	_	_
13	hundred	hundred	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	14	nummod	_	_
14	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	conj	_	_
15	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	18	nsubj	_	_
16	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	18	cop	_	_
17	with	with	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	acl:relcl	_	_
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
20	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	Achish	Achish	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	appos	_	_
24	of	of	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
25	Maoch	Maoch	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	23	nmod	_	_
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
27	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	appos	_	_
28	of	of	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
29	Gath	Gath	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	27	nmod	_	_
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **arise** | past | David |  |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **pass over** | past | David *not said here* | David |  |  |  | unto Achish; over *property* | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **is** | past | the hundred men |  |  |  |  | with David | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיָּ֣קָם דָּוִ֔ד וַיַּעֲבֹ֣ר ה֔וּא וְשֵׁשׁ־מֵא֥וֹת אִ֖ישׁ אֲשֶׁ֣ר עִמּ֑וֹ אֶל־אָכִ֥ישׁ בֶּן־מָע֖וֹךְ מֶ֥לֶךְ גַּֽת׃

[1 Samuel 27:2: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.27.2/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1SA:797` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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