---
title: 1 Samuel 28:3 (JPS 1917) — And Saul had put away those that divined by a ghost or a familiar sp… · tree and pragmatics
description: And Saul had put away those that divined by a ghost or a familiar spirit out of the land. Who acts: Saul. 1 Samuel 28:3 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# 1 Samuel 28:3 · JPS 1917, sentence 2 of 2

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And Saul had put away those that divined by a ghost or a familiar spirit out of the land.

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**Who acts:** Saul · **What happens:** put away, divine · **To what, where:** those

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This is 1 Samuel 28:3 · JPS 1917, sentence 2 of 2 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Saul), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:1SA:813
# text = And Saul had put away those that divined by a ghost or a familiar spirit out of the land.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
2	Saul	Saul	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	put	put	VERB	VBN	VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	away	away	ADP	RP	_	4	compound:prt	_	_
6	those	that	PRON	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	4	obj	_	_
7	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
8	divined	divine	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	acl:relcl	_	_
9	by	by	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	ghost	ghost	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
12	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	familiar	familiar	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	spirit	spirit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	_
16	out	out	ADV	RB	_	19	advmod	_	_
17	of	of	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **put away** | past · perfect | Saul | those |  |  |  | of the land | vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent that=Goal |
| 2 | **divine** | past |  |  |  |  |  | by a ghost or a familiar spirit | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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וּשְׁמוּאֵ֣ל מֵ֔ת וַיִּסְפְּדוּ־לוֹ֙ כָּל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וַיִּקְבְּרֻ֥הוּ בָרָמָ֖ה וּבְעִיר֑וֹ וְשָׁא֗וּל הֵסִ֛יר הָאֹב֥וֹת וְאֶת־הַיִּדְּעֹנִ֖ים מֵהָאָֽרֶץ׃

[1 Samuel 28:3: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.28.3/)

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This verse in JPS 1917:

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1. [Now Samuel was dead, and all Israel had lamented him, and buried him in Ramah, even in his own city.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.812/)
2. **And Saul had put away those that divined by a ghost or a familiar spirit out of the land.**

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1SA:813` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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