--- title: 1 Samuel 28:8 (JPS 1917) — And Saul disguised himself, and put on other raiment, and went, he a… · tree and pragmatics description: And Saul disguised himself, and put on other raiment, and went, he and two men with him, and they came to the woman by night; and he said: 'Divine unto me, I pray thee, by a ghost, and bring me up whomsoever I shall name unto thee.' Who acts: Saul, men, I. 1 Samuel 28:8 in JPS 1917 with its dependen --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.818/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/) / [chapter 28](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/28/) / [28:8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.28.8/) / JPS 1 # 1 Samuel 28:8 · JPS 1917 And Saul disguised himself, and put on other raiment, and went, he and two men with him, and they came to the woman by night; and he said: 'Divine unto me, I pray thee, by a ghost, and bring me up whomsoever I shall name unto thee.' **Who acts:** Saul, men, I · **What happens:** disguise, put on, go, come, say, divine · **To what, where:** Saul, other raiment, thee, whomsoever, me · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is 1 Samuel 28:8 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Saul, men, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:1SA:818 # text = And Saul disguised himself, and put on other raiment, and went, he and two men with him, and they came to the woman by night; and he said: 'Divine unto me, I pray thee, by a ghost, and bring me up whomsoever I shall name unto thee.' 1 And and CCONJ CC _ 3 cc _ _ 2 Saul Saul PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ _ 3 disguised disguise VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 himself himself PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes 3 obj _ _ 5 , , PUNCT , _ 7 punct _ _ 6 and and CCONJ CC _ 7 cc _ _ 7 put put VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ _ 8 on on ADP RP _ 7 compound:prt _ _ 9 other other ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 10 amod _ _ 10 raiment raiment NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 obj _ _ 11 , , PUNCT , _ 13 punct _ _ 12 and and CCONJ CC _ 13 cc _ _ 13 went go VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ _ 14 , , PUNCT , _ 15 punct _ _ 15 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 13 nsubj _ _ 16 and and CCONJ CC _ 18 cc _ _ 17 two two NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 18 nummod _ _ 18 men man NOUN NNS Number=Plur 15 conj _ _ 19 with with ADP IN _ 20 case _ _ 20 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 18 nmod _ _ 21 , , PUNCT , _ 24 punct _ _ 22 and and CCONJ CC _ 24 cc _ _ 23 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 24 nsubj _ _ 24 came come VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ _ 25 to to ADP IN _ 27 case _ _ 26 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 27 det _ _ 27 woman woman NOUN NN Number=Sing 24 obl _ _ 28 by by ADP IN _ 29 case _ _ 29 night night NOUN NN Number=Sing 24 obl _ _ 30 ; ; PUNCT : _ 33 punct _ _ 31 and and CCONJ CC _ 33 cc _ _ 32 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 33 nsubj _ _ 33 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ _ 34 : : PUNCT : _ 36 punct _ _ 35 ' ' PUNCT `` _ 36 punct _ _ 36 Divine divine VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 33 ccomp _ _ 37 unto unto ADP IN _ 38 case _ _ 38 me I PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 36 obl _ _ 39 , , PUNCT , _ 41 punct _ _ 40 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 41 nsubj _ _ 41 pray pray VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 36 parataxis _ _ 42 thee thou PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 41 obj _ _ 43 , , PUNCT , _ 46 punct _ _ 44 by by ADP IN _ 46 case _ _ 45 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 46 det _ _ 46 ghost ghost NOUN NN Number=Sing 36 obl _ _ 47 , , PUNCT , _ 49 punct _ _ 48 and and CCONJ CC _ 49 cc _ _ 49 bring bring VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 36 conj _ _ 50 me I PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 49 iobj _ _ 51 up up ADP RP _ 49 compound:prt _ _ 52 whomsoever whomsoever PRON WP PronType=Rel 49 obj _ _ 53 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 55 nsubj _ _ 54 shall shall AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 55 aux _ _ 55 name name VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 52 acl:relcl _ _ 56 unto unto ADP IN _ 57 case _ _ 57 thee thou PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 55 obl _ _ 58 . . PUNCT . _ 36 punct _ _ 59 ' ' PUNCT '' _ 36 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: character - polarity: none - teacher: changed form=imp | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **disguise** | past | Saul | Saul | | | | | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent himself=Destination | | 2 | **put on** | past | Saul *not said here* | other raiment | | | | | vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent raiment=Goal | | 3 | **go** | past | Saul | | | | | | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 4 | **come** | past | men *= man* | | | | night | to the woman | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to woman=Initial\_Location | | 5 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Saul | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 6 | **divine** | infinitive | | | | | | unto me; by a ghost | tree rules | | 7 | **pray** | present | I | thee | | | | | tree rules | | 8 | **bring up** | infinitive | | whomsoever | me | | | | tree rules | | 9 | **name** | shall | I | | | | | unto thee | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וַיִּתְחַפֵּ֣שׂ שָׁא֗וּל וַיִּלְבַּשׁ֙ בְּגָדִ֣ים אֲחֵרִ֔ים וַיֵּ֣לֶךְ ה֗וּא וּשְׁנֵ֤י אֲנָשִׁים֙ עִמּ֔וֹ וַיָּבֹ֥אוּ אֶל־הָאִשָּׁ֖ה לָ֑יְלָה וַיֹּ֗אמֶר קָֽסֳמִי־נָ֥אלִי֙ בָּא֔וֹב וְהַ֣עֲלִי לִ֔י אֵ֥ת אֲשֶׁר־אֹמַ֖ר אֵלָֽיִךְ׃ [1 Samuel 28:8: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.28.8/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1SA:818` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [1 Samuel 28:7 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.817/) - next →: [1 Samuel 28:9 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.819/) - ↑ back to [1 Samuel 28:8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.28.8/)