--- title: 1 Samuel 28:9 (JPS 1917) — And the woman said unto him: 'Behold, thou knowest what Saul hath do… · tree and pragmatics description: And the woman said unto him: 'Behold, thou knowest what Saul hath done, how he hath cut off those that divine by a ghost or a familiar spirit out of the land; wherefore then layest thou a snare for my life, to cause me to die?' Who acts: woman, thou, Saul, me. 1 Samuel 28:9 in JPS 1917 with its depe --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.819/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/) / [chapter 28](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/28/) / [28:9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.28.9/) / JPS 1 # 1 Samuel 28:9 · JPS 1917 And the woman said unto him: 'Behold, thou knowest what Saul hath done, how he hath cut off those that divine by a ghost or a familiar spirit out of the land; wherefore then layest thou a snare for my life, to cause me to die?' **Who acts:** woman, thou, Saul, me · **What happens:** say, know, do, cut off, divine, lay · **To what, where:** those, land, snare, me · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is 1 Samuel 28:9 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (woman, thou, Saul, me), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:1SA:819 # text = And the woman said unto him: 'Behold, thou knowest what Saul hath done, how he hath cut off those that divine by a ghost or a familiar spirit out of the land; wherefore then layest thou a snare for my life, to cause me to die?' 1 And and CCONJ CC _ 4 cc _ _ 2 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 3 woman woman NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nsubj _ _ 4 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 5 unto unto ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 6 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 4 obl _ _ 7 : : PUNCT : _ 12 punct _ _ 8 ' ' PUNCT `` _ 12 punct _ _ 9 Behold behold INTJ UH _ 12 discourse _ _ 10 , , PUNCT , _ 9 punct _ _ 11 thou thou PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 12 nsubj _ _ 12 knowest know VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 ccomp _ _ 13 what what PRON WP PronType=Int 16 obj _ _ 14 Saul Saul PROPN NNP Number=Sing 16 nsubj _ _ 15 hath have AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 16 aux _ _ 16 done do VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 12 ccomp _ _ 17 , , PUNCT , _ 21 punct _ _ 18 how how ADV WRB PronType=Int 21 advmod _ _ 19 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 21 nsubj _ _ 20 hath have AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 21 aux _ _ 21 cut cut VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 12 ccomp _ _ 22 off off ADP RP _ 21 compound:prt _ _ 23 those those PRON DT Number=Plur|PronType=Dem 21 obj _ _ 24 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 25 nsubj _ _ 25 divine divine VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 23 acl:relcl _ _ 26 by by ADP IN _ 28 case _ _ 27 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 28 det _ _ 28 ghost ghost NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 obl _ _ 29 or or CCONJ CC _ 32 cc _ _ 30 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 32 det _ _ 31 familiar familiar ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 32 amod _ _ 32 spirit spirit NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 conj _ _ 33 out out ADP IN _ 36 case _ _ 34 of of ADP IN _ 36 case _ _ 35 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 36 det _ _ 36 land land NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 obl _ _ 37 ; ; PUNCT : _ 40 punct _ _ 38 wherefore wherefore ADV WRB PronType=Int 40 advmod _ _ 39 then then ADV RB PronType=Dem 40 advmod _ _ 40 layest lay VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 parataxis _ _ 41 thou thou PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 40 nsubj _ _ 42 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 43 det _ _ 43 snare snare NOUN NN Number=Sing 40 obj _ _ 44 for for ADP IN _ 46 case _ _ 45 my my PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 46 nmod:poss _ _ 46 life life NOUN NN Number=Sing 40 obl _ _ 47 , , PUNCT , _ 49 punct _ _ 48 to to PART TO _ 49 mark _ _ 49 cause cause VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 40 advcl _ _ 50 me I PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 49 obj _ _ 51 to to PART TO _ 52 mark _ _ 52 die die VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 49 xcomp _ _ 53 ? ? PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ 54 ' ' PUNCT '' _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: yes/no question - act: ask - voice: character - polarity: neg - teacher: changed act=ask, indirect=0 | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the woman | | | | | unto Saul | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 2 | **know** | present | thou | | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V how S\_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | | 3 | **do** | present · perfect | Saul | | | | | | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Eventuality | | 4 | **cut off** | present · perfect | Saul | those | | | | | vn stop-55.4-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Affector those=Eventuality | | 5 | **divine** | present | | | | the land | | by a ghost or a familiar spirit | tree rules | | 6 | **lay** | present | thou | a snare | | | then | for my life; wherefore *property* | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent snare=Result for life=Beneficiary | | 7 | **cause** | to-infinitive | thou *not said here* | me | | | | | tree rules | | 8 | **die** | to-infinitive | me *not said here* | | | | | | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וַתֹּ֨אמֶר הָֽאִשָּׁ֜ה אֵלָ֗יו הִנֵּ֨ה אַתָּ֤ה יָדַ֙עְתָּ֙ אֵ֣ת אֲשֶׁר־עָשָׂ֣ה שָׁא֔וּל אֲשֶׁ֥ר הִכְרִ֛ית אֶת־הָאֹב֥וֹת וְאֶת־הַיִּדְּעֹנִ֖י מִן־הָאָ֑רֶץ וְלָמָ֥ה אַתָּ֛ה מִתְנַקֵּ֥שׁ בְּנַפְשִׁ֖י לַהֲמִיתֵֽנִי׃ [1 Samuel 28:9: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.28.9/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1SA:819` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [1 Samuel 28:8 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.818/) - next →: [1 Samuel 28:10 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.820/) - ↑ back to [1 Samuel 28:9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.28.9/)