---
title: 1 Samuel 28:12 (JPS 1917) — And when the woman saw Samuel, she cried with a loud voice; and the… · tree and pragmatics
description: And when the woman saw Samuel, she cried with a loud voice; and the woman spoke to Saul, saying: 'Why hast thou deceived me? for thou art Saul.' Who acts: woman, thou. 1 Samuel 28:12 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.822/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/) / [chapter 28](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/28/) / [28:12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.28.12/) / JPS 1

# 1 Samuel 28:12 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And when the woman saw Samuel, she cried with a loud voice; and the woman spoke to Saul, saying: 'Why hast thou deceived me? for thou art Saul.'

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** woman, thou · **What happens:** see, cry, speak, say, deceive, be · **To what, where:** Samuel, Saul, me · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is 1 Samuel 28:12 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (woman, thou), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:1SA:822
# text = And when the woman saw Samuel, she cried with a loud voice; and the woman spoke to Saul, saying: 'Why hast thou deceived me? for thou art Saul.'
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
2	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	5	mark	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	woman	woman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	advcl	_	_
6	Samuel	Samuel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
8	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	cried	cry	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	with	with	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	loud	loud	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	voice	voice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
14	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	18	punct	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	woman	woman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nsubj	_	_
18	spoke	speak	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	conj	_	_
19	to	to	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
20	Saul	Saul	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	_
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
22	saying	say	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	18	advcl	_	_
23	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	28	punct	_	_
24	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	28	punct	_	_
25	Why	why	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	28	advmod	_	_
26	hast	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	28	aux	_	_
27	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	28	nsubj	_	_
28	deceived	deceive	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	22	ccomp	_	_
29	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	28	obj	_	_
30	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	28	punct	_	_
31	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	34	mark	_	_
32	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	34	nsubj	_	_
33	art	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	34	cop	_	_
34	Saul	Saul	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	28	advcl	_	_
35	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
36	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	9	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: evaluate
- voice: character
- polarity: neg
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **see** | past | the woman | Samuel |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer samuel=Stimulus |
| 2 | **cry** *speech: express* | past | woman |  |  |  |  | with a loud voice | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP.location V PP.theme»: agent=Location with voice=Theme |
| 3 | **speak** *speech: other* | past | the woman |  | Saul |  |  |  | vn talk-37.5 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent to saul=Co-Agent |
| 4 | **say** *speech: assert* | gerund | the woman *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 5 | **deceive** | present · perfect | thou | me |  |  |  |  | vn trick-59.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent i=Patient |
| 6 | **is a** | present | thou | Saul |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַתֵּ֤רֶא הָֽאִשָּׁה֙ אֶת־שְׁמוּאֵ֔ל וַתִּזְעַ֖ק בְּק֣וֹל גָּד֑וֹל וַתֹּאמֶר֩ הָאִשָּׁ֨ה אֶל־שָׁא֧וּל לֵאמֹ֛ר לָ֥מָּה רִמִּיתָ֖נִי וְאַתָּ֥ה שָׁאֽוּל׃

[1 Samuel 28:12: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.28.12/)

<!-- div src -->

**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1SA:822` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [1 Samuel 28:11 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.821/)
- next →: [1 Samuel 28:13 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.823/)
- ↑ back to [1 Samuel 28:12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.28.12/)