--- title: 1 Samuel 28:13 (JPS 1917) — And the king said unto her: 'Be not afraid; for what seest thou?' An… · tree and pragmatics description: And the king said unto her: 'Be not afraid; for what seest thou?' And the woman said unto Saul: 'I see a godlike being coming up out of the earth.' Who acts: king, thou, woman, I. 1 Samuel 28:13 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.823/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/) / [chapter 28](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/28/) / [28:13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.28.13/) / JPS 1 # 1 Samuel 28:13 · JPS 1917 And the king said unto her: 'Be not afraid; for what seest thou?' And the woman said unto Saul: 'I see a godlike being coming up out of the earth.' **Who acts:** king, thou, woman, I, godlike being · **What happens:** say, not be, see, come up · **To what, where:** godlike being, earth · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is 1 Samuel 28:13 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (king, thou, woman, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:1SA:823 # text = And the king said unto her: 'Be not afraid; for what seest thou?' And the woman said unto Saul: 'I see a godlike being coming up out of the earth.' 1 And and CCONJ CC _ 4 cc _ _ 2 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 3 king king NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nsubj _ _ 4 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 5 unto unto ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 6 her she PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 4 obl _ _ 7 : : PUNCT : _ 11 punct _ _ 8 ' ' PUNCT `` _ 11 punct _ _ 9 Be be AUX VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 11 cop _ _ 10 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 11 advmod _ _ 11 afraid afraid ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 4 ccomp _ _ 12 ; ; PUNCT : _ 15 punct _ _ 13 for for SCONJ IN _ 15 mark _ _ 14 what what PRON WP PronType=Int 15 obj _ _ 15 seest see VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 11 advcl _ _ 16 thou thou PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 15 nsubj _ _ 17 ? ? PUNCT . _ 11 punct _ _ 18 ' ' PUNCT '' _ 11 punct _ _ 19 And and CCONJ CC _ 22 cc _ _ 20 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 21 det _ _ 21 woman woman NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 nsubj _ _ 22 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 4 conj _ _ 23 unto unto ADP IN _ 24 case _ _ 24 Saul Saul PROPN NNP Number=Sing 22 obl _ _ 25 : : PUNCT : _ 28 punct _ _ 26 ' ' PUNCT `` _ 28 punct _ _ 27 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 28 nsubj _ _ 28 see see VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 22 ccomp _ _ 29 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 30 det _ _ 30 godlike godlike ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 31 amod _ _ 31 being being NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 obj _ _ 32 coming come VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 31 acl _ _ 33 up up ADP RP _ 32 compound:prt _ _ 34 out out ADP IN _ 37 case _ _ 35 of of ADP IN _ 37 case _ _ 36 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 37 det _ _ 37 earth earth NOUN NN Number=Sing 32 obl _ _ 38 . . PUNCT . _ 28 punct _ _ 39 ' ' PUNCT '' _ 28 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: character - polarity: none - teacher: changed indirect=0, polarity=none | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the king | | | | | unto woman | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **not** **is** | infinitive | | | | | | afraid *property* | tree rules | | 3 | **see** | present | thou | | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer what=Stimulus | | 4 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the woman | | | | | unto Saul | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 5 | **see** | present | I | godlike being | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer being=Stimulus | | 6 | **come up** | gerund | godlike being *not said here* | | | the earth | | | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme out earth=Initial\_Location | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וַיֹּ֨אמֶר לָ֥הּ הַמֶּ֛לֶךְ אַל־תִּֽירְאִ֖י כִּ֣י מָ֣ה רָאִ֑ית וַתֹּ֤אמֶר הָֽאִשָּׁה֙ אֶל־שָׁא֔וּל אֱלֹהִ֥ים רָאִ֖יתִי עֹלִ֥ים מִן־הָאָֽרֶץ׃ [1 Samuel 28:13: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.28.13/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1SA:823` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [1 Samuel 28:12 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.822/) - next →: [1 Samuel 28:14 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.824/) - ↑ back to [1 Samuel 28:13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.28.13/)