--- title: 1 Samuel 29:4 (JPS 1917) — But the princes of the Philistines were wroth with him; and the prin… · tree and pragmatics description: But the princes of the Philistines were wroth with him; and the princes of the Philistines said unto him: 'Make the man return, that he may go back to his place where thou hast appointed him, and let him not go down with us to battle, lest in the battle he become an adversary to us; for wherewith sh --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.841/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/) / [chapter 29](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/29/) / [29:4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.29.4/) / JPS 1 # 1 Samuel 29:4 · JPS 1917 But the princes of the Philistines were wroth with him; and the princes of the Philistines said unto him: 'Make the man return, that he may go back to his place where thou hast appointed him, and let him not go down with us to battle, lest in the battle he become an adversary to us; for wherewith should this fellow reconcile himself unto his lord? should it not be with the heads of these men? **Who acts:** princes, man, Achish, thou, fellow, adversary · **What happens:** be, say, make, return, go back, appoint · **To what, where:** man, Achish, adversary, battle · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is 1 Samuel 29:4 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (princes, man, Achish, thou), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:1SA:841 # text = But the princes of the Philistines were wroth with him; and the princes of the Philistines said unto him: 'Make the man return, that he may go back to his place where thou hast appointed him, and let him not go down with us to battle, lest in the battle he become an adversary to us; for wherewith should this fellow reconcile himself unto his lord? should it not be with the heads of these men? 1 But but CCONJ CC _ 8 cc _ _ 2 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 3 princes prince NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 nsubj _ _ 4 of of ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 5 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 6 Philistines philistine PROPN NNPS Number=Plur 3 nmod _ _ 7 were be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 8 cop _ _ 8 wroth wroth ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 0 root _ _ 9 with with ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 10 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 8 obl _ _ 11 ; ; PUNCT : _ 18 punct _ _ 12 and and CCONJ CC _ 18 cc _ _ 13 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 14 det _ _ 14 princes prince NOUN NNS Number=Plur 18 nsubj _ _ 15 of of ADP IN _ 17 case _ _ 16 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 17 det _ _ 17 Philistines philistine PROPN NNPS Number=Plur 14 nmod _ _ 18 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 8 conj _ _ 19 unto unto ADP IN _ 20 case _ _ 20 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 18 obl _ _ 21 : : PUNCT : _ 23 punct _ _ 22 ' ' PUNCT `` _ 23 punct _ _ 23 Make make VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 18 ccomp _ _ 24 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 25 det _ _ 25 man man NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 obj _ _ 26 return return VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 23 xcomp _ _ 27 , , PUNCT , _ 31 punct _ _ 28 that that SCONJ IN _ 31 mark _ _ 29 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 31 nsubj _ _ 30 may may AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 31 aux _ _ 31 go go VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 23 advcl _ _ 32 back back ADV RB _ 31 advmod _ _ 33 to to ADP IN _ 35 case _ _ 34 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 35 nmod:poss _ _ 35 place place NOUN NN Number=Sing 31 obl _ _ 36 where where ADV WRB PronType=Rel 39 advmod _ _ 37 thou thou PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 39 nsubj _ _ 38 hast have AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 39 aux _ _ 39 appointed appoint VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 35 acl:relcl _ _ 40 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 39 obj _ _ 41 , , PUNCT , _ 43 punct _ _ 42 and and CCONJ CC _ 43 cc _ _ 43 let let VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 31 conj _ _ 44 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 43 obj _ _ 45 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 46 advmod _ _ 46 go go VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 43 xcomp _ _ 47 down down ADV RB _ 46 advmod _ _ 48 with with ADP IN _ 49 case _ _ 49 us we PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 46 obl _ _ 50 to to PART TO _ 51 mark _ _ 51 battle battle VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 46 advcl _ _ 52 , , PUNCT , _ 58 punct _ _ 53 lest lest SCONJ IN _ 58 mark _ _ 54 in in ADP IN _ 56 case _ _ 55 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 56 det _ _ 56 battle battle NOUN NN Number=Sing 58 obl _ _ 57 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 58 nsubj _ _ 58 become become VERB VB Mood=Sub|VerbForm=Fin 46 advcl _ _ 59 an a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 60 det _ _ 60 adversary adversary NOUN NN Number=Sing 58 xcomp _ _ 61 to to ADP IN _ 62 case _ _ 62 us we PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 60 nmod _ _ 63 ; ; PUNCT : _ 69 punct _ _ 64 for for SCONJ IN _ 69 mark _ _ 65 wherewith wherewith ADV WRB PronType=Int 69 advmod _ _ 66 should should AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 69 aux _ _ 67 this this DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 68 det _ _ 68 fellow fellow NOUN NN Number=Sing 69 nsubj _ _ 69 reconcile reconcile VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 18 parataxis _ _ 70 himself himself PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes 69 obj _ _ 71 unto unto ADP IN _ 73 case _ _ 72 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 73 nmod:poss _ _ 73 lord lord NOUN NN Number=Sing 69 obl _ _ 74 ? ? PUNCT . _ 69 punct _ _ 75 should should AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 81 aux _ _ 76 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 81 nsubj _ _ 77 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 81 advmod _ _ 78 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 81 cop _ _ 79 with with ADP IN _ 81 case _ _ 80 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 81 det _ _ 81 heads head NOUN NNS Number=Plur 18 parataxis _ _ 82 of of ADP IN _ 84 case _ _ 83 these this DET DT Number=Plur|PronType=Dem 84 det _ _ 84 men man NOUN NNS Number=Plur 81 nmod _ _ 85 ? ? PUNCT . _ 8 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: yes/no question - act: request - voice: character - polarity: none - indirect: yes - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is** | past | the princes of the Philistines | | | | | with Achish; wroth *property* | tree rules | | 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the princes of the Philistines | | | | | unto Achish | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 3 | **make** | infinitive | | the man | | | | | tree rules | | 4 | **return** | infinitive | the man *not said here* | | | | | | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 5 | **go back** | may | Achish | | | | | to Achish's place *result* | vn convert-26.6.2 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Patient to place=Result | | 6 | **appoint** | present · perfect | thou | Achish | | | | | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme | | 7 | **let** | infinitive | Achish *not said here* | Achish | | | | | tree rules | | 8 | **not** **go down** | infinitive | Achish *not said here* | | | | | with us; down *property* | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute | | 9 | **battle** | to-infinitive | Achish *not said here* | | | | | | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 10 | **become** | infinitive | Achish | a adversary to us | | | | in the battle *result* | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient in battle=Result | | 11 | **reconcile** | should | this fellow | Achish | | | | unto Achish's lord; wherewith *property* | tree rules | | 12 | **not** **is** | should | adversary | | | | | with the heads; of this men | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וַיִּקְצְפ֨וּ עָלָ֜יו שָׂרֵ֣י פְלִשְׁתִּ֗ים וַיֹּ֣אמְרוּ לוֹ֩ שָׂרֵ֨י פְלִשְׁתִּ֜ים הָשֵׁ֣ב אֶת־הָאִ֗ישׁ וְיָשֹׁב֙ אֶל־מְקוֹמוֹ֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר הִפְקַדְתּ֣וֹ שָׁ֔ם וְלֹֽא־יֵרֵ֤ד עִמָּ֙נוּ֙ בַּמִּלְחָמָ֔ה וְלֹא־יִֽהְיֶה־לָּ֥נוּ לְשָׂטָ֖ן בַּמִּלְחָמָ֑ה וּבַמֶּ֗ה יִתְרַצֶּ֥ה זֶה֙ אֶל־אֲדֹנָ֔יו הֲל֕וֹא בְּרָאשֵׁ֖י הָאֲנָשִׁ֥ים הָהֵֽם׃ [1 Samuel 29:4: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.29.4/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1SA:841` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [1 Samuel 29:3 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.840/) - next →: [1 Samuel 29:5 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.842/) - ↑ back to [1 Samuel 29:4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.29.4/)