---
title: 1 Samuel 29:9 (JPS 1917) — And Achish answered and said to David: 'I know that thou art good in… · tree and pragmatics
description: And Achish answered and said to David: 'I know that thou art good in my sight, as an angel of God; notwithstanding the princes of the Philistines have said: He shall not go up with us to the battle. Who acts: Achish, I, thou, princes. 1 Samuel 29:9 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragma
---

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# 1 Samuel 29:9 · JPS 1917

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And Achish answered and said to David: 'I know that thou art good in my sight, as an angel of God; notwithstanding the princes of the Philistines have said: He shall not go up with us to the battle.

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**Who acts:** Achish, I, thou, princes, my · **What happens:** answer, say, know, be, not go up, sight · **To what, where:** David, sight · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is 1 Samuel 29:9 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Achish, I, thou, princes), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:1SA:846
# text = And Achish answered and said to David: 'I know that thou art good in my sight, as an angel of God; notwithstanding the princes of the Philistines have said: He shall not go up with us to the battle.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	Achish	Achish	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	answered	answer	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	David	David	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
8	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	11	punct	_	_
9	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	11	punct	_	_
10	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
11	know	know	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	ccomp	_	_
12	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	15	mark	_	_
13	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	15	nsubj	_	_
14	art	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	cop	_	_
15	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	ccomp	_	_
16	in	in	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	18	nmod:poss	_	_
18	sight	sight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	_
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
20	as	as	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	angel	angel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	_
23	of	of	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
24	God	God	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	22	nmod	_	_
25	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	33	punct	_	_
26	notwithstanding	notwithstanding	ADV	RB	_	33	advmod	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
28	princes	prince	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	33	nsubj	_	_
29	of	of	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
30	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
31	Philistines	Philistine	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	28	nmod	_	_
32	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	33	aux	_	_
33	said	say	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	11	parataxis	_	_
34	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	38	punct	_	_
35	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	38	nsubj	_	_
36	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	38	aux	_	_
37	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	38	advmod	_	_
38	go	go	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	33	ccomp	_	_
39	up	up	ADV	RB	_	38	compound:prt	_	_
40	with	with	ADP	IN	_	41	case	_	_
41	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	38	obl	_	_
42	to	to	ADP	IN	_	44	case	_	_
43	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	44	det	_	_
44	battle	battle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	38	obl	_	_
45	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: character
- polarity: neg
- teacher: changed indirect=0

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **answer** *speech: assert* | past | Achish |  |  |  |  |  | vn reciprocate-112-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Achish *not said here* |  | David |  |  |  | vn indicate-78-1 «NP V PP.recipient that S»: agent=Pivot to david=Experiencer clause=Topic |
| 3 | **know** | present | I |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 4 | **is** | present | thou |  |  | my sight |  | as a angel of God; good *property* | tree rules |
| 5 | **say** *speech: assert* | present · perfect | the princes of the Philistines |  |  |  |  | notwithstanding *property* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 6 | **not** **go up** | shall | Achish |  |  |  |  | with us; to the battle | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |
| 7 | **sight** |  | my |  |  |  |  |  | nom sight «cognition transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיַּ֣עַן אָכִישׁ֮ וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֶל־דָּוִד֒ יָדַ֕עְתִּי כִּ֣י ט֥וֹב אַתָּ֛ה בְּעֵינַ֖י כְּמַלְאַ֣ךְ אֱלֹהִ֑ים אַ֣ךְ שָׂרֵ֤י פְלִשְׁתִּים֙ אָֽמְר֔וּ לֹֽא־יַעֲלֶ֥ה עִמָּ֖נוּ בַּמִּלְחָמָֽה׃

[1 Samuel 29:9: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.29.9/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1SA:846` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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