---
title: 1 Samuel 30:2 (JPS 1917) — and had taken captive the women and all that were therein, both smal… · tree and pragmatics
description: and had taken captive the women and all that were therein, both small and great; they slew not any, but carried them off, and went their way. Who acts: women. 1 Samuel 30:2 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# 1 Samuel 30:2 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
and had taken captive the women and all that were therein, both small and great; they slew not any, but carried them off, and went their way.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** women · **What happens:** take, be, not slay, carry off, go · **To what, where:** women, any, way

<!-- .vabout -->
This is 1 Samuel 30:2 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (women), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:1SA:851
# text = and had taken captive the women and all that were therein, both small and great; they slew not any, but carried them off, and went their way.
1	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	taken	take	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	captive	captive	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	xcomp	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	women	woman	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	6	conj	_	_
9	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	11	nsubj	_	_
10	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
11	therein	therein	ADV	RB	_	8	acl:relcl	_	_
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
13	both	both	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc:preconj	_	_
14	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	conj	_	_
17	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	19	punct	_	_
18	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	nsubj	_	_
19	slew	slay	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
20	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	19	advmod	_	_
21	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	19	obj	_	_
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
23	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
24	carried	carry	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	19	conj	_	_
25	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	24	obj	_	_
26	off	off	ADP	RP	_	24	compound:prt	_	_
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
28	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	29	cc	_	_
29	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	19	conj	_	_
30	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	31	nmod:poss	_	_
31	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	obl:unmarked	_	_
32	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | past · perfect |  |  | the women |  |  | captive *property* | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Instrument woman=Destination |
| 2 | **is** | past |  |  |  |  |  | therein *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **not** **slay** | past | women *= woman* | any |  |  |  |  | vn murder-42.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent any=Patient |
| 4 | **carry off** | past | women *= woman* *not said here* | women *= woman* |  |  |  |  | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme |
| 5 | **go** | past | women *= woman* *not said here* | women's way |  |  |  |  | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיִּשְׁבּ֨וּ אֶת־הַנָּשִׁ֤ים אֲשֶׁר־בָּהּ֙ מִקָּטֹ֣ן וְעַד־גָּד֔וֹל לֹ֥א הֵמִ֖יתוּ אִ֑ישׁ וַיִּֽנְהֲג֔וּ וַיֵּלְכ֖וּ לְדַרְכָּֽם׃

[1 Samuel 30:2: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.30.2/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1SA:851` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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