---
title: 1 Samuel 30:3 (JPS 1917) — And when David and his men came to the city, behold, it was burned w… · tree and pragmatics
description: And when David and his men came to the city, behold, it was burned with fire; and their wives, and their sons, and their daughters, were taken captives. Who acts: David. 1 Samuel 30:3 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.852/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/) / [chapter 30](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/30/) / [30:3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.30.3/) / JPS 1

# 1 Samuel 30:3 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And when David and his men came to the city, behold, it was burned with fire; and their wives, and their sons, and their daughters, were taken captives.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** David · **What happens:** come, burn, take · **To what, where:** city, wives

<!-- .vabout -->
This is 1 Samuel 30:3 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (David), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:1SA:852
# text = And when David and his men came to the city, behold, it was burned with fire; and their wives, and their sons, and their daughters, were taken captives.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
2	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	7	mark	_	_
3	David	David	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
5	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	conj	_	_
7	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	16	advcl	_	_
8	to	to	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	city	city	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
12	behold	behold	INTJ	UH	_	16	discourse	_	_
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
14	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	nsubj:pass	_	_
15	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	16	aux:pass	_	_
16	burned	burn	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
17	with	with	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	_
19	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	33	punct	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	33	cc	_	_
21	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	22	nmod:poss	_	_
22	wives	wife	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	33	nsubj:pass	_	_
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
24	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
25	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	26	nmod:poss	_	_
26	sons	son	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	22	conj	_	_
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
28	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	30	cc	_	_
29	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	30	nmod:poss	_	_
30	daughters	daughter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	22	conj	_	_
31	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
32	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	33	aux:pass	_	_
33	taken	take	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	16	conj	_	_
34	captives	captive	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	33	xcomp	_	_
35	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	16	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | David and Ziklag's men |  |  | the city |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to city=Initial\_Location |
| 2 | **burn** | past · passive |  | city |  |  |  | with fire | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: subject=Patient with fire=Instrument |
| 3 | **take** | past · passive |  | David's wives and David's sons and David's daughters |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP ADVP»: subject=Destination |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיָּבֹ֨א דָוִ֤ד וַֽאֲנָשָׁיו֙ אֶל־הָעִ֔יר וְהִנֵּ֥ה שְׂרוּפָ֖ה בָּאֵ֑שׁ וּנְשֵׁיהֶ֛ם וּבְנֵיהֶ֥ם וּבְנֹתֵיהֶ֖ם נִשְׁבּֽוּ׃

[1 Samuel 30:3: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.30.3/)

<!-- div src -->

**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1SA:852` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [1 Samuel 30:2 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.851/)
- next →: [1 Samuel 30:4 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.853/)
- ↑ back to [1 Samuel 30:3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.30.3/)