---
title: 1 Samuel 30:14 (JPS 1917) — We made a raid upon the South of the Cherethites, and upon that whic… · tree and pragmatics
description: We made a raid upon the South of the Cherethites, and upon that which belongeth to Judah, and upon the South of Caleb; and we burned Ziklag with fire.' Who acts: We. 1 Samuel 30:14 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# 1 Samuel 30:14 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We made a raid upon the South of the Cherethites, and upon that which belongeth to Judah, and upon the South of Caleb; and we burned Ziklag with fire.'

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** We · **What happens:** make, belong, burn · **To what, where:** raid, Judah, Ziklag

<!-- .vabout -->
This is 1 Samuel 30:14 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (We), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:1SA:863
# text = We made a raid upon the South of the Cherethites, and upon that which belongeth to Judah, and upon the South of Caleb; and we burned Ziklag with fire.'
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	raid	raid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	South	South	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	Cherethites	Cherethites	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	7	nmod	_	_
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
13	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	2	obl	_	_
15	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	16	nsubj	_	_
16	belongeth	belong	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	acl:relcl	_	_
17	to	to	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	Judah	Judah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	_
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
21	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	South	South	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	conj	_	_
24	of	of	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
25	Caleb	Caleb	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	23	nmod	_	_
26	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	29	punct	_	_
27	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	29	cc	_	_
28	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	29	nsubj	_	_
29	burned	burn	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
30	Ziklag	Ziklag	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	29	obj	_	_
31	with	with	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
32	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	obl	_	_
33	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
34	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past | We | a raid |  |  |  | upon the South of the Cherethites; upon that | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent raid=Product |
| 2 | **belong** | present |  |  | Judah |  |  |  | vn attend-107.4-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **burn** | past | we | Ziklag |  |  |  | with fire | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent ziklag=Patient with fire=Instrument |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
אֲנַ֡חְנוּ פָּשַׁ֜טְנוּ נֶ֧גֶב הַכְּרֵתִ֛י וְעַל־אֲשֶׁ֥ר לִֽיהוּדָ֖ה וְעַל־נֶ֣גֶב כָּלֵ֑ב וְאֶת־צִקְלַ֖ג שָׂרַ֥פְנוּ בָאֵֽשׁ׃

[1 Samuel 30:14: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.30.14/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1SA:863` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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- ← previous: [1 Samuel 30:13 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.862/)
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