---
title: 1 Samuel 30:16 (JPS 1917) — And when he had brought him down, behold, they were spread abroad ov… · tree and pragmatics
description: And when he had brought him down, behold, they were spread abroad over all the ground, eating and drinking, and feasting, because of all the great spoil that they had taken out of the land of the Philistines, and out of the land of Judah. Who acts: Abiathar, David. 1 Samuel 30:16 in JPS 1917 with it
---

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# 1 Samuel 30:16 · JPS 1917

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And when he had brought him down, behold, they were spread abroad over all the ground, eating and drinking, and feasting, because of all the great spoil that they had taken out of the land of the Philistines, and out of the land of Judah.

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**Who acts:** Abiathar, David · **What happens:** bring down, spread, eat, drink, feast, take out · **To what, where:** master, David, ground, great spoil, land

<!-- .vabout -->
This is 1 Samuel 30:16 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Abiathar, David), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:1SA:865
# text = And when he had brought him down, behold, they were spread abroad over all the ground, eating and drinking, and feasting, because of all the great spoil that they had taken out of the land of the Philistines, and out of the land of Judah.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
2	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	5	mark	_	_
3	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
4	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	brought	bring	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	13	advcl	_	_
6	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	obj	_	_
7	down	down	ADP	RP	_	5	compound:prt	_	_
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
9	behold	behold	INTJ	UH	_	13	discourse	_	_
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
11	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj:pass	_	_
12	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	aux:pass	_	_
13	spread	spread	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
14	abroad	abroad	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
15	over	over	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
16	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	18	det:predet	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	ground	ground	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	_
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
20	eating	eat	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	13	advcl	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
22	drinking	drink	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	20	conj	_	_
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
24	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
25	feasting	feast	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	20	conj	_	_
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
27	because	because	ADP	IN	ExtPos=ADP	32	case	_	_
28	of	of	ADP	IN	_	27	fixed	_	_
29	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	32	det:predet	_	_
30	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	32	det	_	_
31	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	32	amod	_	_
32	spoil	spoil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	_
33	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	36	obj	_	_
34	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	36	nsubj	_	_
35	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	36	aux	_	_
36	taken	take	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	32	acl:relcl	_	_
37	out	out	ADP	IN	_	40	case	_	_
38	of	of	ADP	IN	_	40	case	_	_
39	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	40	det	_	_
40	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	36	obl	_	_
41	of	of	ADP	IN	_	43	case	_	_
42	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	43	det	_	_
43	Philistines	philistine	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	40	nmod	_	_
44	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	49	punct	_	_
45	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	49	cc	_	_
46	out	out	ADP	IN	_	49	case	_	_
47	of	of	ADP	IN	_	49	case	_	_
48	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	49	det	_	_
49	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	40	conj	_	_
50	of	of	ADP	IN	_	51	case	_	_
51	Judah	Judah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	49	nmod	_	_
52	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	13	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed polarity=none

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bring down** | past · perfect | Abiathar |  | master |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Instrument he=Destination |
| 2 | **spread** | past · passive |  | David |  | all ground |  | because all great spoil; abroad *property* | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme over ground=Destination |
| 3 | **eat** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **drink** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **feast** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn dine-39.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 6 | **take out** | past · perfect | David | all great spoil |  | the land of the Philistines and the land of Judah |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיֹּ֣רִדֵ֔הוּ וְהִנֵּ֥ה נְטֻשִׁ֖ים עַל־פְּנֵ֣י כָל־הָאָ֑רֶץ אֹכְלִ֤ים וְשֹׁתִים֙ וְחֹ֣גְגִ֔ים בְּכֹל֙ הַשָּׁלָ֣ל הַגָּד֔וֹל אֲשֶׁ֥ר לָקְח֛וּ מֵאֶ֥רֶץ פְּלִשְׁתִּ֖ים וּמֵאֶ֥רֶץ יְהוּדָֽה׃

[1 Samuel 30:16: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.30.16/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1SA:865` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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