---
title: 1 Samuel 30:19 (JPS 1917) — And there was nothing lacking to them, neither small nor great, neit… · tree and pragmatics
description: And there was nothing lacking to them, neither small nor great, neither sons nor daughters, neither spoil, nor any thing that they had taken to them; David brought back all. Who acts: nothing, David. 1 Samuel 30:19 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# 1 Samuel 30:19 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And there was nothing lacking to them, neither small nor great, neither sons nor daughters, neither spoil, nor any thing that they had taken to them; David brought back all.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** nothing, David · **What happens:** be, lack, take, bring back · **To what, where:** David, thing, daughters, all

<!-- .vabout -->
This is 1 Samuel 30:19 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (nothing, David), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:1SA:868
# text = And there was nothing lacking to them, neither small nor great, neither sons nor daughters, neither spoil, nor any thing that they had taken to them; David brought back all.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	3	expl	_	_
3	was	be	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	nothing	nothing	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Neg	3	nsubj	_	_
5	lacking	lack	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	acl	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	obl	_	_
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	neither	neither	CCONJ	CC	Polarity=Neg	10	cc:preconj	_	_
10	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	advcl	_	_
11	nor	nor	CCONJ	CC	Polarity=Neg	12	cc	_	_
12	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	conj	_	_
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
14	neither	neither	CCONJ	CC	Polarity=Neg	15	cc:preconj	_	_
15	sons	son	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	conj	_	_
16	nor	nor	CCONJ	CC	Polarity=Neg	17	cc	_	_
17	daughters	daughter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	conj	_	_
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
19	neither	neither	CCONJ	CC	Polarity=Neg	20	cc:preconj	_	_
20	spoil	spoil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	conj	_	_
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
22	nor	nor	CCONJ	CC	Polarity=Neg	24	cc	_	_
23	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	24	det	_	_
24	thing	thing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	conj	_	_
25	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	28	obj	_	_
26	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	28	nsubj	_	_
27	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	28	aux	_	_
28	taken	take	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	24	acl:relcl	_	_
29	to	to	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
30	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	28	obl	_	_
31	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	33	punct	_	_
32	David	David	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	33	nsubj	_	_
33	brought	bring	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
34	back	back	ADV	RB	_	33	advmod	_	_
35	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	33	obj	_	_
36	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: pos
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** | past | nothing |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **lack** | gerund |  |  | David |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **take** | past · perfect | David | any thing | daughters *= daughter* |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent that=Theme to they=Destination |
| 4 | **bring back** | past | David | all |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent all=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וְלֹ֣א נֶעְדַּר־לָ֠הֶם מִן־הַקָּטֹ֨ן וְעַד־הַגָּד֜וֹל וְעַד־בָּנִ֤ים וּבָנוֹת֙ וּמִשָּׁלָ֔ל וְעַ֛ד כָּל־אֲשֶׁ֥ר לָקְח֖וּ לָהֶ֑ם הַכֹּ֖ל הֵשִׁ֥יב דָּוִֽד׃

[1 Samuel 30:19: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.30.19/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1SA:868` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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- ← previous: [1 Samuel 30:18 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.867/)
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- ↑ back to [1 Samuel 30:19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.30.19/)