---
title: 1 Samuel 30:23 (JPS 1917) — Then said David: 'Ye shall not do so, my brethren, with that which t… · tree and pragmatics
description: Then said David: 'Ye shall not do so, my brethren, with that which the LORD hath given unto us, who hath preserved us, and delivered the troop that came against us into our hand. Who acts: David, Ye, LORD, troop. 1 Samuel 30:23 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# 1 Samuel 30:23 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Then said David: 'Ye shall not do so, my brethren, with that which the LORD hath given unto us, who hath preserved us, and delivered the troop that came against us into our hand.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** David, Ye, LORD, troop · **What happens:** say, not do, give, preserve, deliver, come · **To what, where:** us, troop, hand · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is 1 Samuel 30:23 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (David, Ye, LORD, troop), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:1SA:872
# text = Then said David: 'Ye shall not do so, my brethren, with that which the LORD hath given unto us, who hath preserved us, and delivered the troop that came against us into our hand.
1	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	2	advmod	_	_
2	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	David	David	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
4	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	_
5	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	9	punct	_	_
6	Ye	ye	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	9	nsubj	_	_
7	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
8	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	9	advmod	_	_
9	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	ccomp	_	_
10	so	so	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	13	nmod:poss	_	_
13	brethren	brethren	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	vocative	_	_
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
15	with	with	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	9	obl	_	_
17	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	21	obj	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	21	nsubj	_	_
20	hath	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	21	aux	_	_
21	given	give	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	16	acl:relcl	_	_
22	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
23	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	21	obl	_	_
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
25	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	27	nsubj	_	_
26	hath	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	27	aux	_	_
27	preserved	preserve	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	19	acl:relcl	_	_
28	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	27	obj	_	_
29	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	31	punct	_	_
30	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	31	cc	_	_
31	delivered	deliver	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	27	conj	_	_
32	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	33	det	_	_
33	troop	troop	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	obj	_	_
34	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	35	nsubj	_	_
35	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	33	acl:relcl	_	_
36	against	against	ADP	IN	_	37	case	_	_
37	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	35	obl	_	_
38	into	into	ADP	IN	_	40	case	_	_
39	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	40	nmod:poss	_	_
40	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	35	obl	_	_
41	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: disagree
- voice: character
- polarity: neg
- indirect: yes
- teacher: changed act=disagree, indirect=1

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | David |  |  |  | then |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **not** **do** | shall | Ye |  |  |  |  | with that; my brethren *vocative* | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **give** | present · perfect | the LORD |  |  |  |  | unto us | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent which=Theme |
| 4 | **preserve** | present · perfect | the LORD |  | us |  |  |  | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent we=Beneficiary |
| 5 | **deliver** | past | the LORD *not said here* | the troop |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent troop=Patient |
| 6 | **come** | past | the troop |  |  | our hand |  | against us | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme into hand=Initial\_Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיֹּ֣אמֶר דָּוִ֔ד לֹֽא־תַעֲשׂ֥וּ כֵ֖ן אֶחָ֑י אֵ֠ת אֲשֶׁר־נָתַ֨ן יְהוָ֥ה לָ֙נוּ֙ וַיִּשְׁמֹ֣ר אֹתָ֔נוּ וַיִּתֵּ֗ן אֶֽת־הַגְּד֛וּד הַבָּ֥א עָלֵ֖ינוּ בְּיָדֵֽנוּ׃

[1 Samuel 30:23: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.30.23/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1SA:872` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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