---
title: 1 Samuel 30:26 (JPS 1917) — And when David came to Ziklag, he sent of the spoil unto the elders… · tree and pragmatics
description: And when David came to Ziklag, he sent of the spoil unto the elders of Judah, even to his friends, saying: 'Behold a present for you of the spoil of the enemies of the LORD'; Who acts: David, LORD. 1 Samuel 30:26 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# 1 Samuel 30:26 · JPS 1917

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And when David came to Ziklag, he sent of the spoil unto the elders of Judah, even to his friends, saying: 'Behold a present for you of the spoil of the enemies of the LORD';

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**Who acts:** David, LORD · **What happens:** come, send, say, spoil · **To what, where:** Ziklag, friends, enemies · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is 1 Samuel 30:26 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (David, LORD), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:1SA:875
# text = And when David came to Ziklag, he sent of the spoil unto the elders of Judah, even to his friends, saying: 'Behold a present for you of the spoil of the enemies of the LORD';
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
2	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	4	mark	_	_
3	David	David	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	advcl	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	Ziklag	Ziklag	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
8	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	sent	send	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	spoil	spoil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
13	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	elders	elder	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obl	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	Judah	Judah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	_
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
19	even	even	ADV	RB	_	22	advmod	_	_
20	to	to	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	22	nmod:poss	_	_
22	friends	friend	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obl	_	_
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
24	saying	say	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	9	advcl	_	_
25	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	29	punct	_	_
26	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	29	punct	_	_
27	Behold	behold	INTJ	UH	_	29	discourse	_	_
28	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
29	present	present	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	ccomp	_	_
30	for	for	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
31	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	29	nmod	_	_
32	of	of	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
33	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	34	det	_	_
34	spoil	spoil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	nmod	_	_
35	of	of	ADP	IN	_	37	case	_	_
36	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	37	det	_	_
37	enemies	enemy	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	34	nmod	_	_
38	of	of	ADP	IN	_	40	case	_	_
39	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	40	det	_	_
40	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	37	nmod	_	_
41	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	29	punct	_	_
42	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: command
- act: request
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | David |  |  | Ziklag |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to ziklag=Initial\_Location |
| 2 | **send** | past | LORD |  | LORD's friends |  |  | of the spoil; unto the elders of Judah | vn send-11.1-1 «NP V NP PP.initial\_location PP.destination»: agent=Agent of spoil=Initial\_Location to friend=Destination |
| 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | gerund | LORD *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **spoil** |  |  | the enemies of the LORD |  |  |  |  | nom spoil «possession transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיָּבֹ֤א דָוִד֙ אֶל־צִ֣קְלַ֔ג וַיְשַׁלַּ֧ח מֵֽהַשָּׁלָ֛ל לְזִקְנֵ֥י יְהוּדָ֖ה לְרֵעֵ֣הוּ לֵאמֹ֑ר הִנֵּ֤ה לָכֶם֙ בְּרָכָ֔ה מִשְּׁלַ֖ל אֹיְבֵ֥י יְהוָֽה׃

[1 Samuel 30:26: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.30.26/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1SA:875` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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