--- title: 1 Samuel 31:7 (JPS 1917) — And when the men of Israel that were on the other side of the valley… · tree and pragmatics description: And when the men of Israel that were on the other side of the valley, and they that were beyond the Jordan, saw that the men of Israel fled, and that Saul and his sons were dead, they forsook the cities, and fled; and the Philistines came and dwelt in them. Who acts: men, Saul, Philistines. 1 Samuel --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.888/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/) / [chapter 31](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/31/) / [31:7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.31.7/) / JPS 1 # 1 Samuel 31:7 · JPS 1917 And when the men of Israel that were on the other side of the valley, and they that were beyond the Jordan, saw that the men of Israel fled, and that Saul and his sons were dead, they forsook the cities, and fled; and the Philistines came and dwelt in them. **Who acts:** men, Saul, Philistines · **What happens:** be, see, flee, forsake, come, dwell · **To what, where:** other side, cities · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is 1 Samuel 31:7 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (men, Saul, Philistines), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:1SA:888 # text = And when the men of Israel that were on the other side of the valley, and they that were beyond the Jordan, saw that the men of Israel fled, and that Saul and his sons were dead, they forsook the cities, and fled; and the Philistines came and dwelt in them. 1 And and CCONJ CC _ 43 cc _ _ 2 when when SCONJ WRB _ 25 mark _ _ 3 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 4 men man NOUN NNS Number=Plur 25 nsubj _ _ 5 of of ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 6 Israel Israel PROPN NNP Number=Sing 4 nmod _ _ 7 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 12 nsubj _ _ 8 were be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 12 cop _ _ 9 on on ADP IN _ 12 case _ _ 10 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 12 det _ _ 11 other other ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 12 amod _ _ 12 side side NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 acl:relcl _ _ 13 of of ADP IN _ 15 case _ _ 14 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 15 det _ _ 15 valley valley NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 nmod _ _ 16 , , PUNCT , _ 18 punct _ _ 17 and and CCONJ CC _ 18 cc _ _ 18 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 4 conj _ _ 19 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 23 nsubj _ _ 20 were be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 23 cop _ _ 21 beyond beyond ADP IN _ 23 case _ _ 22 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 23 det _ _ 23 Jordan Jordan PROPN NNP Number=Sing 18 acl:relcl _ _ 24 , , PUNCT , _ 18 punct _ _ 25 saw see VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 43 advcl _ _ 26 that that SCONJ IN _ 31 mark _ _ 27 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 28 det _ _ 28 men man NOUN NNS Number=Plur 31 nsubj _ _ 29 of of ADP IN _ 30 case _ _ 30 Israel Israel PROPN NNP Number=Sing 28 nmod _ _ 31 fled flee VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 25 ccomp _ _ 32 , , PUNCT , _ 40 punct _ _ 33 and and CCONJ CC _ 40 cc _ _ 34 that that SCONJ IN _ 40 mark _ _ 35 Saul Saul PROPN NNP Number=Sing 40 nsubj _ _ 36 and and CCONJ CC _ 38 cc _ _ 37 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 38 nmod:poss _ _ 38 sons son NOUN NNS Number=Plur 35 conj _ _ 39 were be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 40 cop _ _ 40 dead dead ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 31 conj _ _ 41 , , PUNCT , _ 40 punct _ _ 42 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 43 nsubj _ _ 43 forsook forsake VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 44 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 45 det _ _ 45 cities city NOUN NNS Number=Plur 43 obj _ _ 46 , , PUNCT , _ 48 punct _ _ 47 and and CCONJ CC _ 48 cc _ _ 48 fled flee VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 43 conj _ _ 49 ; ; PUNCT : _ 53 punct _ _ 50 and and CCONJ CC _ 53 cc _ _ 51 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 52 det _ _ 52 Philistines Philistine PROPN NNPS Number=Plur 53 nsubj _ _ 53 came come VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 43 conj _ _ 54 and and CCONJ CC _ 55 cc _ _ 55 dwelt dwell VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 53 conj _ _ 56 in in ADP IN _ 57 case _ _ 57 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 55 obl _ _ 58 . . PUNCT . _ 43 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - polarity: neg - teacher: changed act=narrate | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is** | past | the men of Israel | | | the other side | | of the valley | tree rules | | 2 | **is** | past | | | | | | beyond the Jordan | tree rules | | 3 | **see** | past | the men of Israel | | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | | 4 | **flee** | past | the men of Israel | | | | | | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 5 | **is** | past | Saul and Saul's sons | | | | | dead *property* | tree rules | | 6 | **forsake** | past | men *= man* | the cities | | | | | tree rules | | 7 | **flee** | past | men *= man* *not said here* | | | | | | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 8 | **come** | past | the Philistines | | | | | | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 9 | **dwell** | past | the Philistines *not said here* | | | | | in men *= man* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in they=Location | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וַיִּרְא֣וּ אַנְשֵֽׁי־יִ֠שְׂרָאֵל אֲשֶׁר־בְּעֵ֨בֶר הָעֵ֜מֶק וַאֲשֶׁ֣ר ׀ בְּעֵ֣בֶר הַיַּרְדֵּ֗ן כִּֽי־נָ֙סוּ֙ אַנְשֵׁ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וְכִי־מֵ֖תוּ שָׁא֣וּל וּבָנָ֑יו וַיַּעַזְב֤וּ אֶת־הֶֽעָרִים֙ וַיָּנֻ֔סוּ וַיָּבֹ֣אוּ פְלִשְׁתִּ֔ים וַיֵּֽשְׁב֖וּ בָּהֶֽן׃ס [1 Samuel 31:7: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.31.7/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1SA:888` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [1 Samuel 31:6 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.887/) - next →: [1 Samuel 31:8 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.889/) - ↑ back to [1 Samuel 31:7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.31.7/)