---
title: 1 Samuel 3:20 (JPS 1917) — And all Israel from Dan even to Beer-sheba knew that Samuel was esta… · tree and pragmatics
description: And all Israel from Dan even to Beer-sheba knew that Samuel was established to be a prophet of the LORD. Who acts: Israel. 1 Samuel 3:20 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# 1 Samuel 3:20 · JPS 1917

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And all Israel from Dan even to Beer-sheba knew that Samuel was established to be a prophet of the LORD.

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**Who acts:** Israel · **What happens:** know, establish, be · **To what, where:** Samuel, prophet · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is 1 Samuel 3:20 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Israel), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:1SA:93
# text = And all Israel from Dan even to Beer-sheba knew that Samuel was established to be a prophet of the LORD.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
2	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	3	det:predet	_	_
3	Israel	Israel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
4	from	from	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	Dan	Dan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
6	even	even	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
7	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	Beer	Beer	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
9	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	10	punct	_	_
10	sheba	Sheba	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	flat	_	_
11	knew	know	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
12	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	15	mark	_	_
13	Samuel	Samuel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	nsubj:pass	_	_
14	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	15	aux:pass	_	_
15	established	establish	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	11	ccomp	_	_
16	to	to	PART	TO	_	19	mark	_	_
17	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	19	cop	_	_
18	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	prophet	prophet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	xcomp	_	_
20	of	of	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	nmod	_	_
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **know** | past | all Israel from Dan and Beer |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 2 | **establish** | past · passive |  | Samuel |  |  |  |  | vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 3 | **is a** | to-infinitive |  | a prophet |  |  |  | of the LORD | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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וַיֵּ֙דַע֙ כָּל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל מִדָּ֖ן וְעַד־בְּאֵ֣ר שָׁ֑בַע בְּאֵ֣ר שָׁ֑בַע כִּ֚י נֶאֱמָ֣ן שְׁמוּאֵ֔ל לְנָבִ֖יא לַיהוָֽה׃

[1 Samuel 3:20: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.3.20/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1SA:93` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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