--- title: 1 Samuel 4:3 (JPS 1917) — And when the people were come into the camp, the elders of Israel sa… · tree and pragmatics description: And when the people were come into the camp, the elders of Israel said: 'Wherefore hath the LORD smitten us to-day before the Philistines? Who acts: elders, LORD. 1 Samuel 4:3 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.98/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/) / [chapter 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/4/) / [4:3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.4.3/) / JPS 1 # 1 Samuel 4:3 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 2 And when the people were come into the camp, the elders of Israel said: 'Wherefore hath the LORD smitten us to-day before the Philistines? **Who acts:** elders, LORD · **What happens:** come, say, smite · **To what, where:** people, camp, us · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is 1 Samuel 4:3 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 2 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (elders, LORD), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:1SA:98 # text = And when the people were come into the camp, the elders of Israel said: 'Wherefore hath the LORD smitten us to-day before the Philistines? 1 And and CCONJ CC _ 15 cc _ _ 2 when when SCONJ WRB _ 6 mark _ _ 3 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 4 people people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 6 nsubj:pass _ _ 5 were be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 6 aux:pass _ _ 6 come come VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 15 advcl _ _ 7 into into ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 8 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 9 det _ _ 9 camp camp NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 obl _ _ 10 , , PUNCT , _ 6 punct _ _ 11 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 12 det _ _ 12 elders elder NOUN NNS Number=Plur 15 nsubj _ _ 13 of of ADP IN _ 14 case _ _ 14 Israel Israel PROPN NNP Number=Sing 12 nmod _ _ 15 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 16 : : PUNCT : _ 15 punct _ _ 17 ' ' PUNCT `` _ 22 punct _ _ 18 Wherefore wherefore ADV WRB PronType=Int 22 advmod _ _ 19 hath have AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 22 aux _ _ 20 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 21 det _ _ 21 LORD LORD PROPN NNP Number=Sing 22 nsubj _ _ 22 smitten smite VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 15 ccomp _ _ 23 us we PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 22 obj _ _ 24 to to ADP IN _ 26 case _ _ 25 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 26 punct _ _ 26 day day NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 obl:unmarked _ _ 27 before before ADP IN _ 29 case _ _ 28 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 29 det _ _ 29 Philistines philistine PROPN NNPS Number=Plur 22 obl _ _ 30 ? ? PUNCT . _ 15 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: yes/no question - act: ask - voice: character - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **come** | past · passive | | the people | | the camp | | | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: subject=Theme | | 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the elders of Israel | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 3 | **smite** | present · perfect | the LORD | us | | | before the Philistines; day | wherefore *property* | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus we=Experiencer | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וַיָּבֹ֣א הָעָם֮ אֶל־הַֽמַּחֲנֶה֒ וַיֹּֽאמְרוּ֙ זִקְנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל לָ֣מָּה נְגָפָ֧נוּ יְהוָ֛ה הַיּ֖וֹם לִפְנֵ֣י פְלִשְׁתִּ֑ים נִקְחָ֧ה אֵלֵ֣ינוּ מִשִּׁלֹ֗ה אֶת־אֲרוֹן֙ בְּרִ֣ית יְהוָ֔ה וְיָבֹ֣א בְקִרְבֵּ֔נוּ וְיֹשִׁעֵ֖נוּ מִכַּ֥ף אֹיְבֵֽינוּ׃ [1 Samuel 4:3: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.4.3/) This verse in JPS 1917: 1. **And when the people were come into the camp, the elders of Israel said: 'Wherefore hath the LORD smitten us to-day before the Philistines?** 2. [Let us fetch the ark of the covenant of the LORD out of Shiloh unto us, that He may come among us, and save us out of the hand of our enemies.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.99/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1SA:98` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [1 Samuel 4:2 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.97/) - next →: [1 Samuel 4:3 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.99/) - ↑ back to [1 Samuel 4:3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.4.3/)