---
title: 2 Kings 4:31 (JPS 1917) — And Gehazi passed on before them, and laid the staff upon the face o… · tree and pragmatics
description: And Gehazi passed on before them, and laid the staff upon the face of the child; but there was neither voice, nor hearing. Who acts: Gehazi, voice. 2 Kings 4:31 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.112/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [2 Kings](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI/) / [chapter 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI/4/) / [4:31](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.4.31/) / JPS 1

# 2 Kings 4:31 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 2

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And Gehazi passed on before them, and laid the staff upon the face of the child; but there was neither voice, nor hearing.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Gehazi, voice · **What happens:** pass on, lay, be · **To what, where:** staff, face

<!-- .vabout -->
This is 2 Kings 4:31 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 2 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Gehazi, voice), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:2KI:112
# text = And Gehazi passed on before them, and laid the staff upon the face of the child; but there was neither voice, nor hearing.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	Gehazi	Gehazi	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	passed	pass	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
5	before	before	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	obl	_	_
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	laid	lay	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	staff	staff	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
12	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	face	face	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	child	child	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	_
18	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	21	punct	_	_
19	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
20	there	there	PRON	EX	_	21	expl	_	_
21	was	be	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
22	neither	neither	CCONJ	CC	Polarity=Neg	23	cc:preconj	_	_
23	voice	voice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	nsubj	_	_
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
25	nor	nor	CCONJ	CC	Polarity=Neg	26	cc	_	_
26	hearing	hearing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	conj	_	_
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pass on** | past | Gehazi |  |  |  | before children *= child* |  | vn send-11.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **lay** | past | Gehazi *not said here* | the staff |  | the face of the child |  |  | vn put\_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent staff=Theme upon face=Destination |
| 3 | **be** | past | voice nor hearing |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וְגֵחֲזִ֞י עָבַ֣ר לִפְנֵיהֶ֗ם וַיָּ֤שֶׂם אֶת־הַמִּשְׁעֶ֙נֶת֙ עַל־פְּנֵ֣י הַנַּ֔עַר וְאֵ֥ין ק֖וֹל וְאֵ֣ין קָ֑שֶׁב וַיָּ֤שָׁב לִקְרָאתוֹ֙ וַיַּגֶּד־ל֣וֹ לֵאמֹ֔ר לֹ֥א הֵקִ֖יץ הַנָּֽעַר׃

[2 Kings 4:31: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.4.31/)

<!-- .note -->
This verse in JPS 1917:

<!-- .ens -->
1. **And Gehazi passed on before them, and laid the staff upon the face of the child; but there was neither voice, nor hearing.**
2. [Wherefore he returned to meet him, and told him, saying: 'The child is not awaked.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.113/)

<!-- div src -->

**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:2KI:112` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [2 Kings 4:30 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.111/)
- next →: [2 Kings 4:31 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.113/)
- ↑ back to [2 Kings 4:31](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.4.31/)