---
title: 2 Kings 4:31 (JPS 1917) — Wherefore he returned to meet him, and told him, saying: 'The child… · tree and pragmatics
description: Wherefore he returned to meet him, and told him, saying: 'The child is not awaked.' Who acts: Gehazi. 2 Kings 4:31 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.113/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [2 Kings](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI/) / [chapter 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI/4/) / [4:31](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.4.31/) / JPS 2

# 2 Kings 4:31 · JPS 1917, sentence 2 of 2

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Wherefore he returned to meet him, and told him, saying: 'The child is not awaked.'

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Gehazi · **What happens:** return, meet, tell, say, not awake · **To what, where:** Gehazi, child · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is 2 Kings 4:31 · JPS 1917, sentence 2 of 2 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Gehazi), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:2KI:113
# text = Wherefore he returned to meet him, and told him, saying: 'The child is not awaked.'
1	Wherefore	wherefore	ADV	WRB	_	3	advmod	_	_
2	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	returned	return	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	meet	meet	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	advcl	_	_
6	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	obj	_	_
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	told	tell	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
10	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	iobj	_	_
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
12	saying	say	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	9	advcl	_	_
13	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	19	punct	_	_
14	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	19	punct	_	_
15	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	child	child	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nsubj:pass	_	_
17	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	19	aux:pass	_	_
18	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	19	advmod	_	_
19	awaked	awake	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	12	ccomp	_	_
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	19	punct	_	_
21	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	19	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: character
- polarity: neg
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **return** | past | Gehazi |  |  |  |  | wherefore *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **meet** | to-infinitive | Gehazi *not said here* | Gehazi |  |  |  |  | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Co-Agent |
| 3 | **tell** *speech: assert* | past | Gehazi *not said here* |  | Gehazi |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent he=Recipient |
| 4 | **say** *speech: assert* | gerund | Gehazi *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 5 | **not** **awake** | present · passive |  | the child |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: subject=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וְגֵחֲזִ֞י עָבַ֣ר לִפְנֵיהֶ֗ם וַיָּ֤שֶׂם אֶת־הַמִּשְׁעֶ֙נֶת֙ עַל־פְּנֵ֣י הַנַּ֔עַר וְאֵ֥ין ק֖וֹל וְאֵ֣ין קָ֑שֶׁב וַיָּ֤שָׁב לִקְרָאתוֹ֙ וַיַּגֶּד־ל֣וֹ לֵאמֹ֔ר לֹ֥א הֵקִ֖יץ הַנָּֽעַר׃

[2 Kings 4:31: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.4.31/)

<!-- .note -->
This verse in JPS 1917:

<!-- .ens -->
1. [And Gehazi passed on before them, and laid the staff upon the face of the child; but there was neither voice, nor hearing.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.112/)
2. **Wherefore he returned to meet him, and told him, saying: 'The child is not awaked.'**

<!-- div src -->

**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:2KI:113` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [2 Kings 4:31 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.112/)
- next →: [2 Kings 4:32 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.114/)
- ↑ back to [2 Kings 4:31](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.4.31/)