---
title: 2 Kings 4:39 (JPS 1917) — And one went out into the field to gather herbs, and found a wild vi… · tree and pragmatics
description: And one went out into the field to gather herbs, and found a wild vine, and gathered thereof wild gourds his lap full, and came and shred them into the pot of pottage; for they knew them not. Who acts: one, gourds. 2 Kings 4:39 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# 2 Kings 4:39 · JPS 1917

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And one went out into the field to gather herbs, and found a wild vine, and gathered thereof wild gourds his lap full, and came and shred them into the pot of pottage; for they knew them not.

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**Who acts:** one, gourds · **What happens:** go out, gather, find, come, shr, not know · **To what, where:** field, herbs, wild vine, wild gourds, gourds, pot

<!-- .vabout -->
This is 2 Kings 4:39 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (one, gourds), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:2KI:122
# text = And one went out into the field to gather herbs, and found a wild vine, and gathered thereof wild gourds his lap full, and came and shred them into the pot of pottage; for they knew them not.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	3	nsubj	_	_
3	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	out	out	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	into	into	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	field	field	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	gather	gather	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	advcl	_	_
10	herbs	herb	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obj	_	_
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	found	find	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	wild	wild	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	vine	vine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	_
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
19	gathered	gather	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
20	thereof	thereof	ADV	RB	_	19	advmod	_	_
21	wild	wild	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	22	amod	_	_
22	gourds	gourd	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	obj	_	_
23	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	24	nmod:poss	_	_
24	lap	lap	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obj	_	_
25	full	full	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	xcomp	_	_
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
27	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
28	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
29	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	30	cc	_	_
30	shred	shr	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	28	conj	_	_
31	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	30	obj	_	_
32	into	into	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
33	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	34	det	_	_
34	pot	pot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	obl	_	_
35	of	of	ADP	IN	_	36	case	_	_
36	pottage	pottage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	34	nmod	_	_
37	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	40	punct	_	_
38	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	40	mark	_	_
39	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	40	nsubj	_	_
40	knew	know	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
41	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	40	obj	_	_
42	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	40	advmod	_	_
43	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go out** | past | one |  |  | the field |  | out *property* | vn interact-36.6 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **gather** | to-infinitive | one *not said here* | herbs |  |  |  |  | vn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent herb=Theme |
| 3 | **find** | past | one *not said here* | a wild vine |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent vine=Topic |
| 4 | **gather** | past | one *not said here* | wild gourds |  |  |  | full, thereof *property* | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP.beneficiary NP»: agent=Agent gourd=Beneficiary lap=Theme |
| 5 | **come** | past | one *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 6 | **shr** | past | one *not said here* | gourds *= gourd* |  | the pot of pottage |  |  | tree rules |
| 7 | **not** **know** | past | gourds *= gourd* | herbs *= herb* |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer they=Stimulus |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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וַיֵּצֵ֨א אֶחָ֣ד אֶל־הַשָּׂדֶה֮ לְלַקֵּ֣ט אֹרֹת֒ וַיִּמְצָא֙ גֶּ֣פֶן שָׂדֶ֔ה וַיְלַקֵּ֥ט מִמֶּ֛נּוּ פַּקֻּעֹ֥ת שָׂדֶ֖ה מְלֹ֣א בִגְד֑וֹ וַיָּבֹ֗א וַיְפַלַּ֛ח אֶל־סִ֥יר הַנָּזִ֖יד כִּֽי־לֹ֥א יָדָֽעוּ׃

[2 Kings 4:39: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.4.39/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:2KI:122` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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