--- title: 2 Kings 5:12 (JPS 1917) — Are not Amanah and Pharpar, the rivers of Damascus, better than all… · tree and pragmatics description: Are not Amanah and Pharpar, the rivers of Damascus, better than all the waters of Israel? may I not wash in them, and be clean?' So he turned, and went away in a rage. Who acts: Amanah, I, Naaman. 2 Kings 5:12 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.141/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [2 Kings](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI/) / [chapter 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI/5/) / [5:12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.5.12/) / JPS 1 # 2 Kings 5:12 · JPS 1917 Are not Amanah and Pharpar, the rivers of Damascus, better than all the waters of Israel? may I not wash in them, and be clean?' So he turned, and went away in a rage. **Who acts:** Amanah, I, Naaman · **What happens:** not be, not wash, be, turn, go away · **To what, where:** rage This is 2 Kings 5:12 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Amanah, I, Naaman), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:2KI:141 # text = Are not Amanah and Pharpar, the rivers of Damascus, better than all the waters of Israel? may I not wash in them, and be clean?' So he turned, and went away in a rage. 1 Are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 12 cop _ _ 2 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 12 advmod _ _ 3 Amanah Amanah PROPN NNP Number=Sing 12 nsubj _ _ 4 and and CCONJ CC _ 5 cc _ _ 5 Pharpar Pharpar PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 conj _ _ 6 , , PUNCT , _ 8 punct _ _ 7 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 8 rivers river NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 appos _ _ 9 of of ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 10 Damascus Damascus PROPN NNP Number=Sing 8 nmod _ _ 11 , , PUNCT , _ 8 punct _ _ 12 better good ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 0 root _ _ 13 than than ADP IN _ 16 case _ _ 14 all all DET PDT PronType=Tot 16 det:predet _ _ 15 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 16 det _ _ 16 waters water NOUN NNS Number=Plur 12 obl _ _ 17 of of ADP IN _ 18 case _ _ 18 Israel Israel PROPN NNP Number=Sing 16 nmod _ _ 19 ? ? PUNCT . _ 12 punct _ _ 20 may may AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 23 aux _ _ 21 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 23 nsubj _ _ 22 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 23 advmod _ _ 23 wash wash VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 12 parataxis _ _ 24 in in ADP IN _ 25 case _ _ 25 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 23 obl _ _ 26 , , PUNCT , _ 29 punct _ _ 27 and and CCONJ CC _ 29 cc _ _ 28 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 29 cop _ _ 29 clean clean ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 23 conj _ _ 30 ? ? PUNCT . _ 23 punct _ _ 31 ' ' PUNCT '' _ 23 punct _ _ 32 So so ADV RB _ 34 advmod _ _ 33 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 34 nsubj _ _ 34 turned turn VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 12 parataxis _ _ 35 , , PUNCT , _ 37 punct _ _ 36 and and CCONJ CC _ 37 cc _ _ 37 went go VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 34 conj _ _ 38 away away ADV RB _ 37 advmod _ _ 39 in in ADP IN _ 41 case _ _ 40 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 41 det _ _ 41 rage rage NOUN NN Number=Sing 37 obl _ _ 42 . . PUNCT . _ 12 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: yes/no question - act: evaluate - voice: character - polarity: neg - indirect: yes - teacher: changed form=q, act=evaluate, polarity=neg, voice=character | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **not** **is** | present | Amanah and Pharpar | | | | | than all waters of Israel; good *property* | tree rules | | 2 | **not** **wash** | may | I | | | | | in Amanah | vn floss-41.2.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **is** | infinitive | I *not said here* | | | | | clean *property* | tree rules | | 4 | **turn** | past | Naaman | | | | | | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme | | 5 | **go away** | past | Naaman *not said here* | | | a rage | | away *property* | vn occur-48.3-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme in rage=Location | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} הֲלֹ֡א טוֹב֩ אֲמָנָ֨ה וּפַרְפַּ֜ר נַהֲר֣וֹת דַּמֶּ֗שֶׂק מִכֹּל֙ מֵימֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל הֲלֹֽא־אֶרְחַ֥ץ בָּהֶ֖ם וְטָהָ֑רְתִּי וַיִּ֖פֶן וַיֵּ֥לֶךְ בְּחֵמָֽה׃ [2 Kings 5:12: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.5.12/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:2KI:141` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [2 Kings 5:11 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.140/) - next →: [2 Kings 5:13 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.142/) - ↑ back to [2 Kings 5:12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.5.12/)