---
title: 2 Kings 9:23 (JPS 1917) — And Joram turned his hands, and fled, and said to Ahaziah: 'There is… · tree and pragmatics
description: And Joram turned his hands, and fled, and said to Ahaziah: 'There is treachery, O Ahaziah.' Who acts: Joram, treachery. 2 Kings 9:23 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# 2 Kings 9:23 · JPS 1917

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And Joram turned his hands, and fled, and said to Ahaziah: 'There is treachery, O Ahaziah.'

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**Who acts:** Joram, treachery · **What happens:** turn, flee, say, be · **To what, where:** hands, Ahaziah · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is 2 Kings 9:23 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Joram, treachery), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:2KI:281
# text = And Joram turned his hands, and fled, and said to Ahaziah: 'There is treachery, O Ahaziah.'
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	Joram	Joram	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	turned	turn	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	hands	hand	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	fled	flee	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
12	to	to	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	Ahaziah	Ahaziah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
14	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	11	punct	_	_
15	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	11	punct	_	_
16	There	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	17	expl	_	_
17	is	be	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	ccomp	_	_
18	treachery	treachery	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nsubj	_	_
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
20	O	o	INTJ	UH	_	21	discourse	_	_
21	Ahaziah	Ahaziah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	vocative	_	_
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
23	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	11	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **turn** | past | Joram | Joram's hands |  |  |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent hand=Theme |
| 2 | **flee** | past | Joram *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Joram *not said here* |  | Ahaziah |  |  |  | vn indicate-78-1 «NP V PP.recipient that S»: agent=Pivot to ahaziah=Experiencer clause=Topic |
| 4 | **be** | present | treachery |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיַּהֲפֹ֧ךְ יְהוֹרָ֛ם יָדָ֖יו וַיָּנֹ֑ס וַיֹּ֥אמֶר אֶל־אֲחַזְיָ֖הוּ מִרְמָ֥ה אֲחַזְיָֽה׃

[2 Kings 9:23: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.9.23/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:2KI:281` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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