---
title: 2 Kings 1:4 (JPS 1917) — Now therefore thus saith the LORD: Thou shalt not come down from the… · tree and pragmatics
description: Now therefore thus saith the LORD: Thou shalt not come down from the bed whither thou art gone up, but shalt surely die.' And Elijah departed. Who acts: LORD, Thou, Elijah. 2 Kings 1:4 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# 2 Kings 1:4 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Now therefore thus saith the LORD: Thou shalt not come down from the bed whither thou art gone up, but shalt surely die.' And Elijah departed.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** LORD, Thou, Elijah · **What happens:** say, not come down, go up, die, depart · **To what, where:** bed · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is 2 Kings 1:4 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (LORD, Thou, Elijah), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:2KI:3
# text = Now therefore thus saith the LORD: Thou shalt not come down from the bed whither thou art gone up, but shalt surely die.' And Elijah departed.
1	Now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	4	advmod	_	_
2	therefore	therefore	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
3	thus	thus	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	saith	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
7	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	11	punct	_	_
8	Thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	11	nsubj	_	_
9	shalt	shall	AUX	MD	Style=Arch|VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	_
10	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	11	advmod	_	_
11	come	come	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	ccomp	_	_
12	down	down	ADP	RP	_	11	compound:prt	_	_
13	from	from	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	bed	bed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
16	whither	whither	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	19	advmod	_	_
17	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	19	nsubj	_	_
18	art	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	19	aux	_	_
19	gone	go	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	15	acl:relcl	_	_
20	up	up	ADP	RP	_	19	compound:prt	_	_
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
22	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
23	shalt	shall	AUX	MD	Style=Arch|VerbForm=Fin	25	aux	_	_
24	surely	surely	ADV	RB	_	25	advmod	_	_
25	die	die	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	conj	_	_
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
27	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	_
28	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	30	cc	_	_
29	Elijah	Elijah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	30	nsubj	_	_
30	departed	depart	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
31	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed act=narrate

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | the LORD |  |  |  | now | therefore, thus *property* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **not** **come down** | shall | Thou |  |  | the bed |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from bed=Initial\_Location |
| 3 | **go up** | present · passive | thou |  |  |  |  | whither *property* | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |
| 4 | **die** | shall | Thou *not said here* |  |  |  |  | surely *property* | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |
| 5 | **depart** | past | Elijah |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וְלָכֵן֙ כֹּֽה־אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֔ה הַמִּטָּ֞ה אֲשֶׁר־עָלִ֥יתָ שָּׁ֛ם לֹֽא־תֵרֵ֥ד מִמֶּ֖נָּה כִּ֣י מ֣וֹת תָּמ֑וּת וַיֵּ֖לֶךְ אֵלִיָּֽה׃

[2 Kings 1:4: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.1.4/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:2KI:3` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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