---
title: 2 Kings 10:1 (JPS 1917) — And Jehu wrote letters, and sent to Samaria, unto the rulers of Jezr… · tree and pragmatics
description: And Jehu wrote letters, and sent to Samaria, unto the rulers of Jezreel, even the elders, and unto them that brought up the sons of Ahab, saying: Who acts: Jehu. 2 Kings 10:1 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# 2 Kings 10:1 · JPS 1917, sentence 2 of 2

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And Jehu wrote letters, and sent to Samaria, unto the rulers of Jezreel, even the elders, and unto them that brought up the sons of Ahab, saying:

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Jehu · **What happens:** write, send, bring up, say · **To what, where:** letters, Samaria, sons · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is 2 Kings 10:1 · JPS 1917, sentence 2 of 2 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Jehu), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:2KI:301
# text = And Jehu wrote letters, and sent to Samaria, unto the rulers of Jezreel, even the elders, and unto them that brought up the sons of Ahab, saying:
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	Jehu	Jehu	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	wrote	write	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	letters	letter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	sent	send	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
8	to	to	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	Samaria	Samaria	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	rulers	ruler	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	Jezreel	Jezreel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	_
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
17	even	even	ADV	RB	_	19	advmod	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	elders	elder	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	conj	_	_
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
22	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
23	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	conj	_	_
24	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	25	nsubj	_	_
25	brought	bring	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	23	acl:relcl	_	_
26	up	up	ADP	RP	_	25	compound:prt	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
28	sons	son	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	25	obj	_	_
29	of	of	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
30	Ahab	Ahab	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	28	nmod	_	_
31	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
32	saying	say	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	25	advcl	_	_
33	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **write** | past | Jehu | letters |  |  |  |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent letter=Theme |
| 2 | **send** | past | Jehu *not said here* |  | Samaria |  |  | unto the rulers of Jezreel and the elders | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent to samaria=Destination |
| 3 | **bring up** | past |  | the sons of Ahab |  |  |  |  | vn remedy-45.7 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent son=Patient |
| 4 | **say** *speech: assert* | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וּלְאַחְאָ֛ב שִׁבְעִ֥ים בָּנִ֖ים בְּשֹׁמְר֑וֹן וַיִּכְתֹּב֩ יֵה֨וּא סְפָרִ֜ים וַיִּשְׁלַ֣ח שֹׁמְר֗וֹן אֶל־שָׂרֵ֤י יִזְרְעֶאל֙ הַזְּקֵנִ֔ים וְאֶל־הָאֹמְנִ֥ים אַחְאָ֖ב לֵאמֹֽר׃

[2 Kings 10:1: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.10.1/)

<!-- .note -->
This verse in JPS 1917:

<!-- .ens -->
1. [Now Ahab had seventy sons in Samaria.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.300/)
2. **And Jehu wrote letters, and sent to Samaria, unto the rulers of Jezreel, even the elders, and unto them that brought up the sons of Ahab, saying:**

<!-- div src -->

**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:2KI:301` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

<!-- /div -->

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