--- title: 2 Kings 12:19 (JPS 1917) — And Jehoash king Judah took all the hallowed things that Jehoshaphat… · tree and pragmatics description: And Jehoash king Judah took all the hallowed things that Jehoshaphat, and Jehoram, and Ahaziah, his fathers, kings of Judah, had dedicated, and his own hallowed things, and all the gold that was found in the treasures of the house of the LORD, and of the king's house, and sent it to Hazael king of A --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.382/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [2 Kings](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI/) / [chapter 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI/12/) / [12:19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.12.19/) / JPS 1 # 2 Kings 12:19 · JPS 1917 And Jehoash king Judah took all the hallowed things that Jehoshaphat, and Jehoram, and Ahaziah, his fathers, kings of Judah, had dedicated, and his own hallowed things, and all the gold that was found in the treasures of the house of the LORD, and of the king's house, and sent it to Hazael king of Aram; and he went away from Jerusalem. **Who acts:** Jehoash king, Jehoshaphat, king · **What happens:** take, hallow, dedicate, find, send, go away · **To what, where:** hallowed things, gold, treasures, house, Hazael king, Jerusalem This is 2 Kings 12:19 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Jehoash king, Jehoshaphat, king), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:2KI:382 # text = And Jehoash king Judah took all the hallowed things that Jehoshaphat, and Jehoram, and Ahaziah, his fathers, kings of Judah, had dedicated, and his own hallowed things, and all the gold that was found in the treasures of the house of the LORD, and of the king's house, and sent it to Hazael king of Aram; and he went away from Jerusalem. 1 And and CCONJ CC _ 5 cc _ _ 2 Jehoash Jehoash PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 compound _ _ 3 king king NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 nsubj _ _ 4 Judah Judah PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 appos _ _ 5 took take VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 6 all all DET PDT PronType=Tot 9 det:predet _ _ 7 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 9 det _ _ 8 hallowed hallow VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 9 amod _ _ 9 things thing NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 obj _ _ 10 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 27 obj _ _ 11 Jehoshaphat Jehoshaphat PROPN NNP Number=Sing 27 nsubj _ _ 12 , , PUNCT , _ 14 punct _ _ 13 and and CCONJ CC _ 14 cc _ _ 14 Jehoram Jehoram PROPN NNP Number=Sing 11 conj _ _ 15 , , PUNCT , _ 17 punct _ _ 16 and and CCONJ CC _ 17 cc _ _ 17 Ahaziah Ahaziah PROPN NNP Number=Sing 11 conj _ _ 18 , , PUNCT , _ 20 punct _ _ 19 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 20 nmod:poss _ _ 20 fathers father NOUN NNS Number=Plur 17 appos _ _ 21 , , PUNCT , _ 22 punct _ _ 22 kings king NOUN NNS Number=Plur 17 appos _ _ 23 of of ADP IN _ 24 case _ _ 24 Judah Judah PROPN NNP Number=Sing 22 nmod _ _ 25 , , PUNCT , _ 11 punct _ _ 26 had have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 27 aux _ _ 27 dedicated dedicate VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 9 acl:relcl _ _ 28 , , PUNCT , _ 33 punct _ _ 29 and and CCONJ CC _ 33 cc _ _ 30 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 33 nmod:poss _ _ 31 own own ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 33 amod _ _ 32 hallowed hallow VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 33 amod _ _ 33 things thing NOUN NNS Number=Plur 9 conj _ _ 34 , , PUNCT , _ 38 punct _ _ 35 and and CCONJ CC _ 38 cc _ _ 36 all all DET PDT PronType=Tot 38 det:predet _ _ 37 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 38 det _ _ 38 gold gold NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 conj _ _ 39 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 41 nsubj:pass _ _ 40 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 41 aux:pass _ _ 41 found find VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 38 acl:relcl _ _ 42 in in ADP IN _ 44 case _ _ 43 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 44 det _ _ 44 treasures treasure NOUN NNS Number=Plur 41 obl _ _ 45 of of ADP IN _ 47 case _ _ 46 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 47 det _ _ 47 house house NOUN NN Number=Sing 44 nmod _ _ 48 of of ADP IN _ 50 case _ _ 49 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 50 det _ _ 50 LORD LORD PROPN NNP Number=Sing 47 nmod _ _ 51 , , PUNCT , _ 57 punct _ _ 52 and and CCONJ CC _ 57 cc _ _ 53 of of ADP IN _ 57 case _ _ 54 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 55 det _ _ 55 king king NOUN NN Number=Sing 57 nmod:poss _ _ 56 's 's PART POS _ 55 case _ _ 57 house house NOUN NN Number=Sing 44 conj _ _ 58 , , PUNCT , _ 60 punct _ _ 59 and and CCONJ CC _ 60 cc _ _ 60 sent send VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 5 conj _ _ 61 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 60 obj _ _ 62 to to ADP IN _ 64 case _ _ 63 Hazael Hazael PROPN NNP Number=Sing 64 compound _ _ 64 king king NOUN NN Number=Sing 60 obl _ _ 65 of of ADP IN _ 66 case _ _ 66 Aram Aram PROPN NNP Number=Sing 64 nmod _ _ 67 ; ; PUNCT : _ 70 punct _ _ 68 and and CCONJ CC _ 70 cc _ _ 69 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 70 nsubj _ _ 70 went go VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 5 conj _ _ 71 away away ADV RB _ 70 advmod _ _ 72 from from ADP IN _ 73 case _ _ 73 Jerusalem Jerusalem PROPN NNP Number=Sing 70 obl _ _ 74 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **take** | past | Jehoash king | all hallowed things and king's own hallowed things and all gold | | | | | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thing=Theme | | 2 | **hallow** | participle | | | | | | | tree rules | | 3 | **dedicate** | past · perfect | Jehoshaphat and Jehoram and Ahaziah | all hallowed things and king's own hallowed things and all gold | | | | | vn dedicate-79 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent that=Theme | | 4 | **hallow** | participle | | | | | | | tree rules | | 5 | **find** | past · passive | | all gold | | the treasures of the house of the LORD and the king's house | | | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: subject=Topic | | 6 | **send** | past | Jehoash king *not said here* | house | Hazael king of Aram | | | | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent it=Theme to king=Destination | | 7 | **go away** | past | king | | | Jerusalem | | away *property* | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme from jerusalem=Initial\_Location | | 8 | **treasure** | | | the house of the LORD | | | | | nom treasure «possession transitive»: of=patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וַיִּקַּ֞ח יְהוֹאָ֣שׁ מֶֽלֶךְ־יְהוּדָ֗ה אֵ֣ת כָּל־הַקֳּדָשִׁ֡ים אֲשֶׁר־הִקְדִּ֣ישׁוּ יְהוֹשָׁפָ֣ט וִיהוֹרָם֩ וַאֲחַזְיָ֨הוּ אֲבֹתָ֜יו מַלְכֵ֤י יְהוּדָה֙ וְאֶת־קֳדָשָׁ֔יו וְאֵ֣ת כָּל־הַזָּהָ֗ב הַנִּמְצָ֛א בְּאֹצְר֥וֹת בֵּית־יְהוָ֖ה וּבֵ֣ית הַמֶּ֑לֶךְ וַיִּשְׁלַ֗ח לַֽחֲזָאֵל֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ אֲרָ֔ם וַיַּ֖עַל מֵעַ֥ל יְרוּשָׁלִָֽם׃ [2 Kings 12:19: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.12.19/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:2KI:382` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [2 Kings 12:18 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.381/) - next →: [2 Kings 12:20 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.383/) - ↑ back to [2 Kings 12:19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.12.19/)