---
title: 2 Kings 13:14 (JPS 1917) — Now Elisha was fallen sick of his sickness whereof he was to die; an… · tree and pragmatics
description: Now Elisha was fallen sick of his sickness whereof he was to die; and Joash the king of Israel came down unto him, and wept over him, and said: 'My father, my father, the chariots of Israel and the horsemen thereof!' Who acts: Elisha, Joash. 2 Kings 13:14 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the
---

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# 2 Kings 13:14 · JPS 1917

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Now Elisha was fallen sick of his sickness whereof he was to die; and Joash the king of Israel came down unto him, and wept over him, and said: 'My father, my father, the chariots of Israel and the horsemen thereof!'

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**Who acts:** Elisha, Joash · **What happens:** fall, die, come down, weep, say · **To what, where:** Elisha · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is 2 Kings 13:14 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Elisha, Joash), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:2KI:399
# text = Now Elisha was fallen sick of his sickness whereof he was to die; and Joash the king of Israel came down unto him, and wept over him, and said: 'My father, my father, the chariots of Israel and the horsemen thereof!'
1	Now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	4	advmod	_	_
2	Elisha	Elisha	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	fallen	fall	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	sick	sick	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	xcomp	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	sickness	sickness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
9	whereof	whereof	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	13	advmod	_	_
10	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
11	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	aux	_	_
12	to	to	PART	TO	_	13	mark	_	_
13	die	die	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	acl:relcl	_	_
14	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	21	punct	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
16	Joash	Joash	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	21	nsubj	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	appos	_	_
19	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
20	Israel	Israel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	nmod	_	_
21	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
22	down	down	ADV	RB	_	21	advmod	_	_
23	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
24	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	21	obl	_	_
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
26	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
27	wept	weep	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	21	conj	_	_
28	over	over	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
29	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	27	obl	_	_
30	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
31	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	32	cc	_	_
32	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	21	conj	_	_
33	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	32	punct	_	_
34	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	36	punct	_	_
35	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	36	nmod:poss	_	_
36	father	father	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	ccomp	_	_
37	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	39	punct	_	_
38	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	39	nmod:poss	_	_
39	father	father	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	36	conj	_	_
40	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	42	punct	_	_
41	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	42	det	_	_
42	chariots	chariot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	36	conj	_	_
43	of	of	ADP	IN	_	44	case	_	_
44	Israel	Israel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	42	nmod	_	_
45	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	47	cc	_	_
46	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	47	det	_	_
47	horsemen	horseman	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	42	conj	_	_
48	thereof	thereof	ADV	RB	_	47	advmod	_	_
49	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	32	punct	_	_
50	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	32	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: express
- voice: character
- polarity: pos
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fall** | past · passive |  | Elisha |  |  | now | sick *property* | vn become-109.1-1 «NP V ADJ»: subject=Result |
| 2 | **die** | past | Elisha |  |  |  |  | whereof *property* | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |
| 3 | **come down** | past | Joash |  |  |  |  | unto Israel; down *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **weep** | past | Joash *not said here* |  |  |  |  | over Joash | vn breathe-40.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Joash *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וֶֽאֱלִישָׁע֙ חָלָ֣ה אֶת־חָלְי֔וֹ אֲשֶׁ֥ר יָמ֖וּת בּ֑וֹ וַיֵּ֨רֶד אֵלָ֜יו יוֹאָ֣שׁ מֶֽלֶךְ־יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל וַיֵּ֤בְךְּ עַל־פָּנָיו֙ וַיֹּאמַ֔ר אָבִ֣י ׀ אָבִ֔י רֶ֥כֶב יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל וּפָרָשָֽׁיו׃

[2 Kings 13:14: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.13.14/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:2KI:399` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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