---
title: 2 Kings 2:18 (JPS 1917) — And they came back to him, while he tarried at Jericho; and he said… · tree and pragmatics
description: And they came back to him, while he tarried at Jericho; and he said unto them: 'Did I not say unto you: Go not?' Who acts: sons, Elijah, I. 2 Kings 2:18 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# 2 Kings 2:18 · JPS 1917

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And they came back to him, while he tarried at Jericho; and he said unto them: 'Did I not say unto you: Go not?'

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**Who acts:** sons, Elijah, I · **What happens:** come back, tarry, say, not say, not go · **To what, where:** Elijah, Jericho · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is 2 Kings 2:18 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sons, Elijah, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:2KI:40
# text = And they came back to him, while he tarried at Jericho; and he said unto them: 'Did I not say unto you: Go not?'
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	back	back	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	obl	_	_
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	while	while	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
9	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
10	tarried	tarry	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	_
11	at	at	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	Jericho	Jericho	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
13	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	16	punct	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
15	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	nsubj	_	_
16	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
17	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	obl	_	_
19	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	24	punct	_	_
20	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	24	punct	_	_
21	Did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	24	aux	_	_
22	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	24	nsubj	_	_
23	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	24	advmod	_	_
24	say	say	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	16	ccomp	_	_
25	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
26	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	24	obl	_	_
27	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	28	punct	_	_
28	Go	go	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	24	ccomp	_	_
29	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	28	advmod	_	_
30	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	24	punct	_	_
31	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	24	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: yes/no question
- act: ask
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- indirect: yes
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come back** | past | sons *= son* |  | Elijah |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to he=Initial\_Location |
| 2 | **tarry** | past | Elijah |  |  | Jericho |  |  | vn linger-53.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent at jericho=Location |
| 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Elijah |  |  |  |  | unto sons *= son* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 4 | **not** **say** *speech: assert* | past · do-support | I |  |  |  |  | unto you | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 5 | **not** **go** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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וַיָּשֻׁ֣בוּ אֵלָ֔יו וְה֖וּא יֹשֵׁ֣ב בִּירִיח֑וֹ וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֲלֵהֶ֔ם הֲלֽוֹא־אָמַ֥רְתִּי אֲלֵיכֶ֖ם אַל־תֵּלֵֽכוּ׃

[2 Kings 2:18: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.2.18/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:2KI:40` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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