---
title: 2 Kings 13:17 (JPS 1917) — And he said: 'The LORD'S arrow of victory, even the arrow of victory… · tree and pragmatics
description: And he said: 'The LORD'S arrow of victory, even the arrow of victory against Aram; for thou shalt smite the Arameans in Aphek, till thou have consumed them.' Who acts: Elisha, thou. 2 Kings 13:17 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# 2 Kings 13:17 · JPS 1917, sentence 3 of 3

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And he said: 'The LORD'S arrow of victory, even the arrow of victory against Aram; for thou shalt smite the Arameans in Aphek, till thou have consumed them.'

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**Who acts:** Elisha, thou · **What happens:** say, smite, consume · **To what, where:** Arameans, Aphek · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is 2 Kings 13:17 · JPS 1917, sentence 3 of 3 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Elisha, thou), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:2KI:405
# text = And he said: 'The LORD'S arrow of victory, even the arrow of victory against Aram; for thou shalt smite the Arameans in Aphek, till thou have consumed them.'
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	_
5	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	9	punct	_	_
6	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	nmod:poss	_	_
8	'S	's	PART	POS	_	7	case	_	_
9	arrow	arrow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	parataxis	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	victory	victory	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	_
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
13	even	even	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	arrow	arrow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	appos	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	victory	victory	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	_
18	against	against	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	Aram	Aram	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	nmod	_	_
20	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	24	punct	_	_
21	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	24	mark	_	_
22	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	24	nsubj	_	_
23	shalt	shall	AUX	MD	Style=Arch|VerbForm=Fin	24	aux	_	_
24	smite	smite	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	advcl	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	Arameans	Aramean	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	24	obj	_	_
27	in	in	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
28	Aphek	Aphek	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	24	obl	_	_
29	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	33	punct	_	_
30	till	till	SCONJ	IN	_	33	mark	_	_
31	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	33	nsubj	_	_
32	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	33	aux	_	_
33	consumed	consume	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	24	advcl	_	_
34	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	33	obj	_	_
35	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
36	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: evaluate
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Elisha |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **smite** | shall | thou | the Arameans |  | Aphek |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus aramean=Experiencer |
| 3 | **consume** | present · perfect | thou | Arameans *= aramean* |  |  |  |  | vn consume-66 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Asset |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיֹּ֗אמֶר פְּתַ֧ח הַחַלּ֛וֹן קֵ֖דְמָה וַיִּפְתָּ֑ח וַיֹּ֤אמֶר אֱלִישָׁ֤ע יְרֵה֙ וַיּ֔וֹר וַיֹּ֗אמֶר חֵץ־תְּשׁוּעָ֤ה לַֽיהוָה֙ וְחֵ֣ץ תְּשׁוּעָ֣ה בַֽאֲרָ֔ם וְהִכִּיתָ֧ אֶת־אֲרָ֛ם בַּאֲפֵ֖ק עַד־כַּלֵּֽה׃

[2 Kings 13:17: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.13.17/)

<!-- .note -->
This verse in JPS 1917:

<!-- .ens -->
1. [And he said: 'Open the window eastward'; and he opened it.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.403/)
2. [Then Elisha said: 'Shoot'; and he shot.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.404/)
3. **And he said: 'The LORD'S arrow of victory, even the arrow of victory against Aram; for thou shalt smite the Arameans in Aphek, till thou have consumed them.'**

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:2KI:405` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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