---
title: 2 Kings 13:23 (JPS 1917) — But the LORD was gracious unto them, and had compassion on them, and… · tree and pragmatics
description: But the LORD was gracious unto them, and had compassion on them, and had respect unto them, because of His covenant with Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, and would not destroy them, neither hath He cast them from His presence until now. Who acts: LORD. 2 Kings 13:23 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree an
---

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# 2 Kings 13:23 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
But the LORD was gracious unto them, and had compassion on them, and had respect unto them, because of His covenant with Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, and would not destroy them, neither hath He cast them from His presence until now.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** LORD · **What happens:** be, have, not destroy, cast, covenant · **To what, where:** compassion, respect, bands, presence

<!-- .vabout -->
This is 2 Kings 13:23 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (LORD), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:2KI:413
# text = But the LORD was gracious unto them, and had compassion on them, and had respect unto them, because of His covenant with Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, and would not destroy them, neither hath He cast them from His presence until now.
1	But	but	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	gracious	gracious	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	obl	_	_
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
11	compassion	compassion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	_
12	on	on	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	obl	_	_
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
17	respect	respect	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obj	_	_
18	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	obl	_	_
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
21	because	because	ADP	IN	ExtPos=SCONJ	24	case	_	_
22	of	of	ADP	IN	_	21	fixed	_	_
23	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	24	nmod:poss	_	_
24	covenant	covenant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	_
25	with	with	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
26	Abraham	Abraham	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	24	nmod	_	_
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
28	Isaac	Isaac	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	26	conj	_	_
29	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	31	punct	_	_
30	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	31	cc	_	_
31	Jacob	Jacob	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	26	conj	_	_
32	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	36	punct	_	_
33	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	36	cc	_	_
34	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	36	aux	_	_
35	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	36	advmod	_	_
36	destroy	destroy	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	conj	_	_
37	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	36	obj	_	_
38	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	42	punct	_	_
39	neither	neither	CCONJ	CC	Polarity=Neg	42	cc	_	_
40	hath	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	42	aux	_	_
41	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	42	nsubj	_	_
42	cast	cast	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	5	conj	_	_
43	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	42	obj	_	_
44	from	from	ADP	IN	_	46	case	_	_
45	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	46	nmod:poss	_	_
46	presence	presence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	42	obl	_	_
47	until	until	ADP	IN	_	48	case	_	_
48	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	42	obl	_	_
49	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the LORD |  |  |  |  | unto bands *= band*; gracious *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **have** | past | the LORD *not said here* | compassion |  |  |  | on bands *= band* | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent compassion=Patient |
| 3 | **have** | past | the LORD *not said here* | respect |  |  |  | unto bands *= band*; because LORD's covenant with Abraham and Isaac and Jacob | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent respect=Patient |
| 4 | **not** **destroy** | would | the LORD *not said here* | bands *= band* |  |  |  |  | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Patient |
| 5 | **cast** | present · perfect | LORD | bands *= band* |  | LORD's presence |  |  | vn build-26.1 «NP V NP.product PP.material»: agent=Agent they=Product from presence=Material |
| 6 | **covenant** |  | LORD |  |  |  |  | with Abraham and Isaac and Jacob | nom covenant «communication intransitive»: poss=agent with=obl |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיָּחָן֩ יְהוָ֨ה אֹתָ֤ם וַֽיְרַחֲמֵם֙ וַיִּ֣פֶן אֲלֵיהֶ֔ם לְמַ֣עַן בְּרִית֔וֹ אֶת־אַבְרָהָ֖ם יִצְחָ֣ק וְיַֽעֲקֹ֑ב וְלֹ֤א אָבָה֙ הַשְׁחִיתָ֔ם וְלֹֽא־הִשְׁלִיכָ֥ם מֵֽעַל־פָּנָ֖יו עַד־עָֽתָּה׃

[2 Kings 13:23: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.13.23/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:2KI:413` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [2 Kings 13:22 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.412/)
- next →: [2 Kings 13:24 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.414/)
- ↑ back to [2 Kings 13:23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.13.23/)