---
title: 2 Kings 13:25 (JPS 1917) — Three times did Joash smite him, and recovered the cities of Israel. · tree and pragmatics
description: Three times did Joash smite him, and recovered the cities of Israel. Who acts: Joash. 2 Kings 13:25 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# 2 Kings 13:25 · JPS 1917, sentence 2 of 2

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Three times did Joash smite him, and recovered the cities of Israel.

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**Who acts:** Joash · **What happens:** smite, recover · **To what, where:** son, cities

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This is 2 Kings 13:25 · JPS 1917, sentence 2 of 2 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Joash), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:2KI:416
# text = Three times did Joash smite him, and recovered the cities of Israel.
1	Three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	2	nummod	_	_
2	times	time	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl:unmarked	_	_
3	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
4	Joash	Joash	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	smite	smite	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	obj	_	_
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	recovered	recover	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	cities	city	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obj	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	Israel	Israel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	_
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **smite** | past · do-support | Joash | son |  |  | time |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus he=Experiencer |
| 2 | **recover** | past | Joash *not said here* | the cities of Israel |  |  |  |  | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent city=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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וַיָּ֜שָׁב יְהוֹאָ֣שׁ בֶּן־יְהוֹאָחָ֗ז וַיִּקַּ֤ח אֶת־הֶֽעָרִים֙ מִיַּד֙ בֶּנ־הֲדַ֣דבֶּנ־הֲדַ֣ד בֶּן־חֲזָאֵ֔ל אֲשֶׁ֣ר לָקַ֗ח מִיַּ֛ד יְהוֹאָחָ֥ז אָבִ֖יו בַּמִּלְחָמָ֑ה שָׁלֹ֤שׁ פְּעָמִים֙ הִכָּ֣הוּ יוֹאָ֔שׁ וַיָּ֖שֶׁב אֶת־עָרֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃פ

[2 Kings 13:25: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.13.25/)

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This verse in JPS 1917:

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1. [And Jehoash the son of Jehoahaz took again out of the hand of Ben-hadad the son of Hazael the cities which he had taken out of the hand of Jehoahaz his father by war.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.415/)
2. **Three times did Joash smite him, and recovered the cities of Israel.**

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:2KI:416` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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