--- title: 2 Kings 14:26 (JPS 1917) — For the LORD saw the affliction of Israel, that it was very bitter;… · tree and pragmatics description: For the LORD saw the affliction of Israel, that it was very bitter; for there was none shut up nor left at large, neither was there any helper for Israel. Who acts: LORD, affliction, none, helper. 2 Kings 14:26 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.443/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [2 Kings](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI/) / [chapter 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI/14/) / [14:26](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.14.26/) / JPS 1 # 2 Kings 14:26 · JPS 1917 For the LORD saw the affliction of Israel, that it was very bitter; for there was none shut up nor left at large, neither was there any helper for Israel. **Who acts:** LORD, affliction, none, helper · **What happens:** see, be, shut up, leave, afflict · **To what, where:** affliction, Israel · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is 2 Kings 14:26 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (LORD, affliction, none, helper), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:2KI:443 # text = For the LORD saw the affliction of Israel, that it was very bitter; for there was none shut up nor left at large, neither was there any helper for Israel. 1 For for SCONJ IN _ 4 mark _ _ 2 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 3 LORD LORD PROPN NNP Number=Sing 4 nsubj _ _ 4 saw see VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 5 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 6 affliction affliction NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 obj _ _ 7 of of ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 8 Israel Israel PROPN NNP Number=Sing 6 nmod _ _ 9 , , PUNCT , _ 14 punct _ _ 10 that that SCONJ IN _ 14 mark _ _ 11 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 14 nsubj _ _ 12 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 14 cop _ _ 13 very very ADV RB _ 14 advmod _ _ 14 bitter bitter ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 4 ccomp _ _ 15 ; ; PUNCT : _ 18 punct _ _ 16 for for SCONJ IN _ 18 mark _ _ 17 there there PRON EX PronType=Dem 18 expl _ _ 18 was be VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 4 advcl _ _ 19 none none PRON NN PronType=Neg 18 nsubj _ _ 20 shut shut VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 19 acl _ _ 21 up up ADP RP _ 20 compound:prt _ _ 22 nor nor CCONJ CC Polarity=Neg 23 cc _ _ 23 left leave VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 20 conj _ _ 24 at at ADP IN _ 25 case _ _ 25 large large ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 23 xcomp _ _ 26 , , PUNCT , _ 28 punct _ _ 27 neither neither CCONJ CC Polarity=Neg 28 cc _ _ 28 was be VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 18 conj _ _ 29 there there PRON EX PronType=Dem 28 expl _ _ 30 any any DET DT PronType=Ind 31 det _ _ 31 helper helper NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 nsubj _ _ 32 for for ADP IN _ 33 case _ _ 33 Israel Israel PROPN NNP Number=Sing 31 nmod _ _ 34 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **see** | past | the LORD | the affliction of Israel | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer affliction=Stimulus | | 2 | **is** | past | affliction | | | | | bitter *property* | tree rules | | 3 | **be** | past | none | | | there | | | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 4 | **shut up** | participle | | | | | | | vn subjugate-42.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 5 | **leave** | participle | | | | | | large *property* | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 6 | **be** | past | any helper for Israel | | | there | | | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 7 | **afflict** | | | Israel | | | | | nom affliction «state transitive»: of=patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} כִּי־רָאָ֧ה יְהוָ֛ה אֶת־עֳנִ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל מֹרֶ֣ה מְאֹ֑ד וְאֶ֤פֶס עָצוּר֙ וְאֶ֣פֶס עָז֔וּב וְאֵ֥ין עֹזֵ֖ר לְיִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃ [2 Kings 14:26: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.14.26/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:2KI:443` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [2 Kings 14:25 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.442/) - next →: [2 Kings 14:27 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.444/) - ↑ back to [2 Kings 14:26](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.14.26/)