--- title: 2 Kings 16:15 (JPS 1917) — And king Ahaz commanded Urijah the priest, saying: 'Upon the great a… · tree and pragmatics description: And king Ahaz commanded Urijah the priest, saying: 'Upon the great altar offer the morning burnt-offering, and the evening meal-offering, and the king's burnt-offering, and his meal-offering, with the burnt-offering of all the people of the land, and their meal-offering, and their drink-offerings; a --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.502/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [2 Kings](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI/) / [chapter 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI/16/) / [16:15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.16.15/) / JPS 1 # 2 Kings 16:15 · JPS 1917 And king Ahaz commanded Urijah the priest, saying: 'Upon the great altar offer the morning burnt-offering, and the evening meal-offering, and the king's burnt-offering, and his meal-offering, with the burnt-offering of all the people of the land, and their meal-offering, and their drink-offerings; and dash against it all the blood of the burnt-offering, and all the blood of the sacrifice; but the brazen altar shall be for me to look to.' **Who acts:** king Ahaz, brazen altar, king, offering · **What happens:** command, say, offer, burn, dash, be · **To what, where:** Urijah, morning burnt offering, blood, people · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is 2 Kings 16:15 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (king Ahaz, brazen altar, king, offering), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:2KI:502 # text = And king Ahaz commanded Urijah the priest, saying: 'Upon the great altar offer the morning burnt-offering, and the evening meal-offering, and the king's burnt-offering, and his meal-offering, with the burnt-offering of all the people of the land, and their meal-offering, and their drink-offerings; and dash against it all the blood of the burnt-offering, and all the blood of the sacrifice; but the brazen altar shall be for me to look to.' 1 And and CCONJ CC _ 4 cc _ _ 2 king king NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 compound _ _ 3 Ahaz Ahaz PROPN NNP Number=Sing 4 nsubj _ _ 4 commanded command VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 5 Urijah Urijah PROPN NNP Number=Sing 4 obj _ _ 6 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 7 priest priest NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 appos _ _ 8 , , PUNCT , _ 9 punct _ _ 9 saying say VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 4 advcl _ _ 10 : : PUNCT : _ 16 punct _ _ 11 ' ' PUNCT `` _ 16 punct _ _ 12 Upon upon ADP IN _ 15 case _ _ 13 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 15 det _ _ 14 great great ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 15 amod _ _ 15 altar altar NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 obl _ _ 16 offer offer VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 9 ccomp _ _ 17 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 18 det _ _ 18 morning morning NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 compound _ _ 19 burnt burn VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 21 amod _ _ 20 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 19 punct _ _ 21 offering offering NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 obj _ _ 22 , , PUNCT , _ 28 punct _ _ 23 and and CCONJ CC _ 28 cc _ _ 24 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 28 det _ _ 25 evening evening NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 compound _ _ 26 meal meal NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 compound _ _ 27 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 26 punct _ _ 28 offering offering NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 conj _ _ 29 , , PUNCT , _ 36 punct _ _ 30 and and CCONJ CC _ 36 cc _ _ 31 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 32 det _ _ 32 king king NOUN NN Number=Sing 36 nmod:poss _ _ 33 's 's PART POS _ 32 case _ _ 34 burnt burn VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 36 amod _ _ 35 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 34 punct _ _ 36 offering offering NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 conj _ _ 37 , , PUNCT , _ 42 punct _ _ 38 and and CCONJ CC _ 42 cc _ _ 39 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 42 nmod:poss _ _ 40 meal meal NOUN NN Number=Sing 42 compound _ _ 41 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 40 punct _ _ 42 offering offering NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 conj _ _ 43 , , PUNCT , _ 48 punct _ _ 44 with with ADP IN _ 48 case _ _ 45 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 48 det _ _ 46 burnt burn VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 48 amod _ _ 47 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 46 punct _ _ 48 offering offering NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 obl _ _ 49 of of ADP IN _ 52 case _ _ 50 all all DET PDT PronType=Tot 52 det:predet _ _ 51 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 52 det _ _ 52 people people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 48 nmod _ _ 53 of of ADP IN _ 55 case _ _ 54 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 55 det _ _ 55 land land NOUN NN Number=Sing 52 nmod _ _ 56 , , PUNCT , _ 61 punct _ _ 57 and and CCONJ CC _ 61 cc _ _ 58 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 61 nmod:poss _ _ 59 meal meal NOUN NN Number=Sing 61 compound _ _ 60 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 59 punct _ _ 61 offering offering NOUN NN Number=Sing 48 conj _ _ 62 , , PUNCT , _ 67 punct _ _ 63 and and CCONJ CC _ 67 cc _ _ 64 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 67 nmod:poss _ _ 65 drink drink NOUN NN Number=Sing 67 compound _ _ 66 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 65 punct _ _ 67 offerings offering NOUN NNS Number=Plur 61 conj _ _ 68 ; ; PUNCT : _ 70 punct _ _ 69 and and CCONJ CC _ 70 cc _ _ 70 dash dash VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 16 conj _ _ 71 against against ADP IN _ 72 case _ _ 72 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 70 obl _ _ 73 all all DET PDT PronType=Tot 75 det:predet _ _ 74 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 75 det _ _ 75 blood blood NOUN NN Number=Sing 70 obj _ _ 76 of of ADP IN _ 80 case _ _ 77 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 80 det _ _ 78 burnt burn VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 80 amod _ _ 79 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 78 punct _ _ 80 offering offering NOUN NN Number=Sing 75 nmod _ _ 81 , , PUNCT , _ 85 punct _ _ 82 and and CCONJ CC _ 85 cc _ _ 83 all all DET PDT PronType=Tot 85 det:predet _ _ 84 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 85 det _ _ 85 blood blood NOUN NN Number=Sing 75 conj _ _ 86 of of ADP IN _ 88 case _ _ 87 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 88 det _ _ 88 sacrifice sacrifice NOUN NN Number=Sing 85 nmod _ _ 89 ; ; PUNCT : _ 99 punct _ _ 90 but but CCONJ CC _ 99 cc _ _ 91 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 93 det _ _ 92 brazen brazen ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 93 amod _ _ 93 altar altar NOUN NN Number=Sing 99 nsubj _ _ 94 shall shall AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 99 aux _ _ 95 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 99 cop _ _ 96 for for ADP IN _ 99 mark _ _ 97 me I PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 99 nsubj _ _ 98 to to PART TO _ 99 mark _ _ 99 look look VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 16 conj _ _ 100 to to ADP IN _ 99 obl _ _ 101 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ 102 ' ' PUNCT '' _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: character - polarity: none - teacher: changed polarity=none | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **command** | past | king Ahaz | Urijah | | | | | vn supervision-95.2.2-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent urijah=Theme | | 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | gerund | king Ahaz *not said here* | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 3 | **offer** | infinitive | | morning burnt offering and the evening meal offering and the king's burnt offering and king's meal offering | | | | upon the great altar; with the burnt offering of all people of the land and offering's meal offering and offering's drink offerings | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent offering=Theme | | 4 | **burn** | participle | | | | | | | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 5 | **burn** | participle | | | | | | | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 6 | **burn** | participle | | | | | | | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 7 | **dash** | infinitive | | all blood of the burnt offering and all blood of the sacrifice | | | | against altar | vn hit-18.1 «NP V NP PP»: agent=Agent blood=Instrument against it=Patient | | 8 | **burn** | participle | | | | | | | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 9 | **is** | shall | the brazen altar | | | | | look *property* | tree rules | | 10 | **offer** | | the king | | | | | | nom offering «communication transitive»: poss=agent | | 11 | **offer** | | king | | | | | | nom offering «communication transitive»: poss=agent | | 12 | **offer** | | | all people of the land | | | | | nom offering «communication transitive»: of=patient | | 13 | **offer** | | offering | | | | | | nom offering «communication transitive»: poss=agent | | 14 | **offer** | | offering | | | | | | nom offering «communication transitive»: poss=agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וַיְצַוֶּ֣ה הַמֶּֽלֶךְ־אָ֠חָז אֶת־אוּרִיָּ֨ה הַכֹּהֵ֜ן לֵאמֹ֗ר עַ֣ל הַמִּזְבֵּ֣חַ הַגָּד֡וֹל הַקְטֵ֣ר אֶת־עֹֽלַת־הַבֹּקֶר֩ וְאֶת־מִנְחַ֨ת הָעֶ֜רֶב וְֽאֶת־עֹלַ֧ת הַמֶּ֣לֶךְ וְאֶת־מִנְחָת֗וֹ וְ֠אֵת עֹלַ֞ת כָּל־עַ֤ם הָאָ֙רֶץ֙ וּמִנְחָתָ֣ם וְנִסְכֵּיהֶ֔ם וְכָל־דַּ֥ם עֹלָ֛ה וְכָל־דַּם־זֶ֖בַח עָלָ֣יו תִּזְרֹ֑ק וּמִזְבַּ֧ח הַנְּחֹ֛שֶׁת יִֽהְיֶה־לִּ֖י לְבַקֵּֽר׃ [2 Kings 16:15: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.16.15/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:2KI:502` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [2 Kings 16:14 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.501/) - next →: [2 Kings 16:16 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.503/) - ↑ back to [2 Kings 16:15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.16.15/)