---
title: 2 Kings 17:3 (JPS 1917) — Against him came up Shalmaneser king of Assyria; and Hoshea became h… · tree and pragmatics
description: Against him came up Shalmaneser king of Assyria; and Hoshea became his servant, and brought him presents. Who acts: Shalmaneser king, Hoshea. 2 Kings 17:3 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# 2 Kings 17:3 · JPS 1917

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Against him came up Shalmaneser king of Assyria; and Hoshea became his servant, and brought him presents.

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**Who acts:** Shalmaneser king, Hoshea · **What happens:** come up, become, bring · **To what, where:** servant, presents, Hoshea

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This is 2 Kings 17:3 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Shalmaneser king, Hoshea), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:2KI:510
# text = Against him came up Shalmaneser king of Assyria; and Hoshea became his servant, and brought him presents.
1	Against	against	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	obl	_	_
3	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	up	up	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	Shalmaneser	Shalmaneser	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	Assyria	Assyria	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
9	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
11	Hoshea	Hoshea	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
12	became	become	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
13	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	14	nmod:poss	_	_
14	servant	servant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	xcomp	_	_
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	brought	bring	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	conj	_	_
18	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	iobj	_	_
19	presents	present	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	obj	_	_
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come up** | past | Shalmaneser king of Assyria |  |  |  |  | against Hoshea | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme against he=Location |
| 2 | **become** | past | Hoshea | Hoshea's servant |  |  |  |  | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **bring** | past | Hoshea *not said here* | presents | Hoshea |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP NP»: agent=Agent he=Destination present=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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עָלָ֣יו עָלָ֔ה שַׁלְמַנְאֶ֖סֶר מֶ֣לֶךְ אַשּׁ֑וּר וַֽיְהִי־ל֤וֹ הוֹשֵׁ֙עַ֙ עֶ֔בֶד וַיָּ֥שֶׁב ל֖וֹ מִנְחָֽה׃

[2 Kings 17:3: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.17.3/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:2KI:510` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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