---
title: 2 Kings 17:16 (JPS 1917) — and they forsook all the commandments of the LORD their God, and mad… · tree and pragmatics
description: and they forsook all the commandments of the LORD their God, and made them molten images, even two calves, and made an Asherah, and worshipped all the host of heaven, and served Baal; Who acts: commandments. 2 Kings 17:16 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# 2 Kings 17:16 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
and they forsook all the commandments of the LORD their God, and made them molten images, even two calves, and made an Asherah, and worshipped all the host of heaven, and served Baal;

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** commandments · **What happens:** forsake, make, worship, serve, command · **To what, where:** commandments, molten images, Asherah, host, Baal, LORD · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is 2 Kings 17:16 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (commandments), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:2KI:523
# text = and they forsook all the commandments of the LORD their God, and made them molten images, even two calves, and made an Asherah, and worshipped all the host of heaven, and served Baal;
1	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	forsook	forsake	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	6	det:predet	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	commandments	commandment	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
10	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	God	God	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	appos	_	_
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
15	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	iobj	_	_
16	molten	molten	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	images	image	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	obj	_	_
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
19	even	even	ADV	RB	_	21	advmod	_	_
20	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	21	nummod	_	_
21	calves	calf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	appos	_	_
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
24	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
25	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	Asherah	Asherah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	24	obj	_	_
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
28	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	29	cc	_	_
29	worshipped	worship	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
30	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	32	det:predet	_	_
31	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	32	det	_	_
32	host	host	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	obj	_	_
33	of	of	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
34	heaven	heaven	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	nmod	_	_
35	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	37	punct	_	_
36	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	37	cc	_	_
37	served	serve	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
38	Baal	Baal	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	37	obj	_	_
39	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **forsake** | past | commandments *= commandment* | all commandments of the LORD |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **make** | past | commandments *= commandment* *not said here* | molten images | commandments *= commandment* |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP NP»: agent=Asset they=Beneficiary image=Product |
| 3 | **make** | past | commandments *= commandment* *not said here* | a Asherah |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset asherah=Product |
| 4 | **worship** | past | commandments *= commandment* *not said here* | all host of heaven |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer host=Stimulus |
| 5 | **serve** | past | commandments *= commandment* *not said here* | Baal |  |  |  |  | vn masquerade-29.6-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent baal=Attribute |
| 6 | **command** |  |  | the LORD |  |  |  |  | nom commandment «communication transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיַּעַזְב֗וּ אֶת־כָּל־מִצְוֺת֙ יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֵיהֶ֔ם וַיַּעֲשׂ֥וּ לָהֶ֛ם מַסֵּכָ֖ה שְׁנֵ֣י עֲגָלִ֑ים וַיַּעֲשׂ֣וּ אֲשֵׁירָ֗ה וַיִּֽשְׁתַּחֲווּ֙ לְכָל־צְבָ֣א הַשָּׁמַ֔יִם וַיַּעַבְד֖וּ אֶת־הַבָּֽעַל׃

[2 Kings 17:16: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.17.16/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:2KI:523` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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