---
title: 2 Kings 17:17 (JPS 1917) — and they caused their sons and their daughters to pass through the f… · tree and pragmatics
description: and they caused their sons and their daughters to pass through the fire, and used divination and enchantments, and gave themselves over to do that which was evil in the sight of the LORD, to provoke Him; Who acts: commandments, sons. 2 Kings 17:17 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmat
---

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# 2 Kings 17:17 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
and they caused their sons and their daughters to pass through the fire, and used divination and enchantments, and gave themselves over to do that which was evil in the sight of the LORD, to provoke Him;

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** commandments, sons · **What happens:** cause, pass, use, give over, do, be · **To what, where:** sons, fire, divination, commandments, that, sight

<!-- .vabout -->
This is 2 Kings 17:17 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (commandments, sons), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:2KI:524
# text = and they caused their sons and their daughters to pass through the fire, and used divination and enchantments, and gave themselves over to do that which was evil in the sight of the LORD, to provoke Him;
1	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	caused	cause	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	sons	son	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
7	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	daughters	daughter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	conj	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
10	pass	pass	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
11	through	through	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	used	use	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
17	divination	divination	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obj	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
19	enchantments	enchantment	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	conj	_	_
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
22	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
23	themselves	themselves	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	22	obj	_	_
24	over	over	ADP	RP	_	22	compound:prt	_	_
25	to	to	PART	TO	_	26	mark	_	_
26	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	22	advcl	_	_
27	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	26	obj	_	_
28	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	30	nsubj	_	_
29	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	30	cop	_	_
30	evil	evil	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	27	acl:relcl	_	_
31	in	in	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
32	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	33	det	_	_
33	sight	sight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	obl	_	_
34	of	of	ADP	IN	_	36	case	_	_
35	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	36	det	_	_
36	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	33	nmod	_	_
37	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	39	punct	_	_
38	to	to	PART	TO	_	39	mark	_	_
39	provoke	provoke	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	26	advcl	_	_
40	Him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	39	obj	_	_
41	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: neg
- teacher: changed polarity=neg

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cause** | past | commandments *= commandment* | commandments's sons and commandments's daughters |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **pass** | to-infinitive | commandments's sons and commandments's daughters *not said here* |  |  | the fire |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme through fire=Location |
| 3 | **use** | past | commandments *= commandment* *not said here* | divination and enchantments |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent divination=Patient |
| 4 | **give over** | past | commandments *= commandment* *not said here* | commandments *= commandment* |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent themselves=Theme |
| 5 | **do** | to-infinitive | commandments *= commandment* *not said here* | that |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent that=Eventuality |
| 6 | **is** | past |  |  |  | the sight of the LORD |  | evil *property* | tree rules |
| 7 | **provoke** | to-infinitive | commandments *= commandment* *not said here* | LORD |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus he=Experiencer |
| 8 | **sight** |  |  | the LORD |  |  |  |  | nom sight «cognition transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַֽ֠יַּעֲבִירוּ אֶת־בְּנֵיהֶ֤ם וְאֶת־בְּנֽוֹתֵיהֶם֙ בָּאֵ֔שׁ וַיִּקְסְמ֥וּ קְסָמִ֖ים וַיְנַחֵ֑שׁוּ וַיִּֽתְמַכְּר֗וּ לַעֲשׂ֥וֹת הָרַ֛ע בְּעֵינֵ֥י יְהוָ֖ה לְהַכְעִיסֽוֹ׃

[2 Kings 17:17: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.17.17/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:2KI:524` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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