---
title: 2 Kings 18:26 (JPS 1917) — Then said Eliakim the son of Hilkiah, and Shebnah, and Joah, unto Ra… · tree and pragmatics
description: Then said Eliakim the son of Hilkiah, and Shebnah, and Joah, unto Rab-shakeh: 'Speak, I pray thee, to thy servants in the Aramean language; for we understand it; and speak not with us in the Jews' language, in the ears of the people that are on the wall.' Who acts: Eliakim, I, we, people. 2 Kings 18
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.579/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [2 Kings](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI/) / [chapter 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI/18/) / [18:26](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.18.26/) / JPS 1

# 2 Kings 18:26 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Then said Eliakim the son of Hilkiah, and Shebnah, and Joah, unto Rab-shakeh: 'Speak, I pray thee, to thy servants in the Aramean language; for we understand it; and speak not with us in the Jews' language, in the ears of the people that are on the wall.'

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Eliakim, I, we, people · **What happens:** say, speak, pray, understand, not speak, be · **To what, where:** thee, language, wall · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is 2 Kings 18:26 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Eliakim, I, we, people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:2KI:579
# text = Then said Eliakim the son of Hilkiah, and Shebnah, and Joah, unto Rab-shakeh: 'Speak, I pray thee, to thy servants in the Aramean language; for we understand it; and speak not with us in the Jews' language, in the ears of the people that are on the wall.'
1	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	2	advmod	_	_
2	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	Eliakim	Eliakim	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	appos	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	Hilkiah	Hilkiah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	Shebnah	Shebnah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	Joah	Joah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
15	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
16	Rab	Rab	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	compound	_	_
17	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	16	punct	_	_
18	shakeh	shakeh	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
19	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	21	punct	_	_
20	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	21	punct	_	_
21	Speak	speak	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	2	ccomp	_	_
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
23	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	24	nsubj	_	_
24	pray	pray	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	21	parataxis	_	_
25	thee	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	24	obj	_	_
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
27	to	to	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
28	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	29	nmod:poss	_	_
29	servants	servant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	obl	_	_
30	in	in	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
31	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	33	det	_	_
32	Aramean	Aramean	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	33	amod	_	_
33	language	language	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	nmod	_	_
34	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	37	punct	_	_
35	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	37	mark	_	_
36	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	37	nsubj	_	_
37	understand	understand	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	21	advcl	_	_
38	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	37	obj	_	_
39	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	41	punct	_	_
40	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	41	cc	_	_
41	speak	speak	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	21	conj	_	_
42	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	41	advmod	_	_
43	with	with	ADP	IN	_	44	case	_	_
44	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	41	obl	_	_
45	in	in	ADP	IN	_	49	case	_	_
46	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	47	det	_	_
47	Jews	Jew	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	49	nmod:poss	_	_
48	'	's	PART	POS	_	47	case	_	_
49	language	language	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	41	obl	_	_
50	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	53	punct	_	_
51	in	in	ADP	IN	_	53	case	_	_
52	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	53	det	_	_
53	ears	ear	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	41	obl	_	_
54	of	of	ADP	IN	_	56	case	_	_
55	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	56	det	_	_
56	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	53	nmod	_	_
57	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	61	nsubj	_	_
58	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	61	cop	_	_
59	on	on	ADP	IN	_	61	case	_	_
60	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	61	det	_	_
61	wall	wall	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	56	acl:relcl	_	_
62	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
63	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: command
- act: request
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Eliakim and Shebnah and Joah |  |  |  | then | unto Rab shakeh | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **speak** *speech: other* | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | to thy servants in the Aramean language | vn talk-37.5 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent to servant=Co-Agent |
| 3 | **pray** | present | I | thee |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **understand** | present | we | language |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer it=Stimulus |
| 5 | **not** **speak** *speech: other* | infinitive |  |  |  | the Jews's language |  | with us; in the ears of the people | vn talk-37.5 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent with we=Co-Agent |
| 6 | **is** | present | the people |  |  | the wall |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֶלְיָקִ֣ים בֶּן־חִ֠לְקִיָּהוּ וְשֶׁבְנָ֨ה וְיוֹאָ֜ח אֶל־רַב־שָׁקֵ֗ה דַּבֶּר־נָ֤א אֶל־עֲבָדֶ֙יךָ֙ אֲרָמִ֔ית כִּ֥י שֹׁמְעִ֖ים אֲנָ֑חְנוּ וְאַל־תְּדַבֵּ֤ר עִמָּ֙נוּ֙ יְהוּדִ֔ית בְּאָזְנֵ֣י הָעָ֔ם אֲשֶׁ֖ר עַל־הַחֹמָֽה׃

[2 Kings 18:26: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.18.26/)

<!-- div src -->

**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:2KI:579` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [2 Kings 18:25 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.578/)
- next →: [2 Kings 18:27 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.580/)
- ↑ back to [2 Kings 18:26](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.18.26/)