---
title: 2 Kings 18:31 (JPS 1917) — Hearken not to Hezekiah; for thus saith the king of Assyria: Make yo… · tree and pragmatics
description: Hearken not to Hezekiah; for thus saith the king of Assyria: Make your peace with me, and come out to me; and eat ye every one of his vine, and every one of his fig-tree, and drink ye every one the waters of his own cistern; Who acts: you, king, ye, your. 2 Kings 18:31 in JPS 1917 with its dependenc
---

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# 2 Kings 18:31 · JPS 1917

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Hearken not to Hezekiah; for thus saith the king of Assyria: Make your peace with me, and come out to me; and eat ye every one of his vine, and every one of his fig-tree, and drink ye every one the waters of his own cistern;

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**Who acts:** you, king, ye, your · **What happens:** not hearken, say, make, come out, eat, drink · **To what, where:** Hezekiah, peace, me, one, waters · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is 2 Kings 18:31 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, king, ye, your), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:2KI:584
# text = Hearken not to Hezekiah; for thus saith the king of Assyria: Make your peace with me, and come out to me; and eat ye every one of his vine, and every one of his fig-tree, and drink ye every one the waters of his own cistern;
1	Hearken	hearken	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	1	advmod	_	_
3	to	to	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	Hezekiah	Hezekiah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
5	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	8	punct	_	_
6	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
7	thus	thus	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	saith	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	parataxis	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	Assyria	Assyria	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	_
13	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	14	punct	_	_
14	Make	make	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	8	ccomp	_	_
15	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	16	nmod:poss	_	_
16	peace	peace	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obj	_	_
17	with	with	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	14	obl	_	_
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
21	come	come	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	14	conj	_	_
22	out	out	ADV	RB	_	21	advmod	_	_
23	to	to	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
24	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	21	obl	_	_
25	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	27	punct	_	_
26	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
27	eat	eat	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	14	conj	_	_
28	ye	ye	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	27	nsubj	_	_
29	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	30	det	_	_
30	one	one	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	obj	_	_
31	of	of	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
32	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	33	nmod:poss	_	_
33	vine	vine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	nmod	_	_
34	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	37	punct	_	_
35	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	37	cc	_	_
36	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	37	det	_	_
37	one	one	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	conj	_	_
38	of	of	ADP	IN	_	42	case	_	_
39	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	42	nmod:poss	_	_
40	fig	fig	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	42	compound	_	_
41	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	40	punct	_	_
42	tree	tree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	37	nmod	_	_
43	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	45	punct	_	_
44	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	45	cc	_	_
45	drink	drink	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	14	conj	_	_
46	ye	ye	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	45	nsubj	_	_
47	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	48	det	_	_
48	one	one	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	46	appos	_	_
49	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	50	det	_	_
50	waters	water	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	45	obj	_	_
51	of	of	ADP	IN	_	54	case	_	_
52	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	54	nmod:poss	_	_
53	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	54	amod	_	_
54	cistern	cistern	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	50	nmod	_	_
55	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	1	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: command
- act: request
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **hearken** | imperative | you *not said here* |  | Hezekiah |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | the king of Assyria |  |  |  |  | thus *property* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **make** | infinitive |  | your peace |  |  |  | with me | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset peace=Product |
| 4 | **come out** | infinitive |  |  | me |  |  | out *property* | vn become-109.1 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Patient |
| 5 | **eat** | infinitive | ye | every one of king's vine and every one of king's fig tree |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent one=Patient |
| 6 | **drink** | infinitive | ye | the waters of king's own cistern |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent water=Patient |
| 7 | **pacify** |  | your |  |  |  |  |  | nom peace «state transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
אַֽל־תִּשְׁמְע֖וּ אֶל־חִזְקִיָּ֑הוּ כִּי֩ כֹ֨ה אָמַ֜ר מֶ֣לֶךְ אַשּׁ֗וּר עֲשֽׂוּ־אִתִּ֤י בְרָכָה֙ וּצְא֣וּ אֵלַ֔י וְאִכְל֤וּ אִישׁ־גַּפְנוֹ֙ וְאִ֣ישׁ תְּאֵֽנָת֔וֹ וּשְׁת֖וּ אִ֥ישׁ מֵֽי־בוֹרֽוֹ׃

[2 Kings 18:31: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.18.31/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:2KI:584` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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