---
title: 2 Kings 18:37 (JPS 1917) — Then came Eliakim the son of Hilkiah, who was over the household, an… · tree and pragmatics
description: Then came Eliakim the son of Hilkiah, who was over the household, and Shebna the scribe, and Joah the son of Asaph the recorder, to Hezekiah with their clothes rent, and told him the words of Rab-shakeh. Who acts: Eliakim, son, clothes. 2 Kings 18:37 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the prag
---

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# 2 Kings 18:37 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Then came Eliakim the son of Hilkiah, who was over the household, and Shebna the scribe, and Joah the son of Asaph the recorder, to Hezekiah with their clothes rent, and told him the words of Rab-shakeh.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Eliakim, son, clothes · **What happens:** come, be, rend, tell, word · **To what, where:** Hezekiah, household, words, Rab shakeh · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is 2 Kings 18:37 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Eliakim, son, clothes), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:2KI:590
# text = Then came Eliakim the son of Hilkiah, who was over the household, and Shebna the scribe, and Joah the son of Asaph the recorder, to Hezekiah with their clothes rent, and told him the words of Rab-shakeh.
1	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	2	advmod	_	_
2	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	Eliakim	Eliakim	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	appos	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	Hilkiah	Hilkiah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
9	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	13	nsubj	_	_
10	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	cop	_	_
11	over	over	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	household	household	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	acl:relcl	_	_
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	Shebna	Shebna	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	scribe	scribe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	appos	_	_
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
21	Joah	Joah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	appos	_	_
24	of	of	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
25	Asaph	Asaph	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	23	nmod	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	recorder	recorder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	appos	_	_
28	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
29	to	to	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
30	Hezekiah	Hezekiah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
31	with	with	SCONJ	IN	_	34	mark	_	_
32	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	34	nmod:poss	_	_
33	clothes	clothes	NOUN	NNS	Number=Ptan	34	nsubj	_	_
34	rent	rend	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	advcl	_	_
35	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	37	punct	_	_
36	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	37	cc	_	_
37	told	tell	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
38	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	37	iobj	_	_
39	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	40	det	_	_
40	words	word	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	37	obj	_	_
41	of	of	ADP	IN	_	44	case	_	_
42	Rab	Rab	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	44	compound	_	_
43	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	42	punct	_	_
44	shakeh	shakeh	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	40	nmod	_	_
45	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | Eliakim and Shebna and Joah |  |  | Hezekiah | then |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to hezekiah=Initial\_Location |
| 2 | **is** | past | the son of Hilkiah |  |  | the household |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **rend** | participle | clothes |  |  |  |  |  | vn break-45.1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 4 | **tell** *speech: assert* | past | Eliakim and Shebna and Joah *not said here* | the words of Rab shakeh | Hezekiah |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent he=Recipient word=Topic |
| 5 | **word** |  |  | Rab shakeh |  |  |  |  | nom word «communication transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיָּבֹ֣א אֶלְיָקִ֣ים בֶּן־חִלְקִיָּ֣ה אֲשֶׁר־עַל־הַ֠בַּיִת וְשֶׁבְנָ֨א הַסֹּפֵ֜ר וְיוֹאָ֨ח בֶּן־אָסָ֧ף הַמַּזְכִּ֛יר אֶל־חִזְקִיָּ֖הוּ קְרוּעֵ֣י בְגָדִ֑ים וַיַּגִּ֣דוּ ל֔וֹ דִּבְרֵ֖י רַב־שָׁקֵֽה׃

[2 Kings 18:37: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.18.37/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:2KI:590` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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