---
title: 2 Kings 21:1 (JPS 1917) — Manasseh was twelve years old when he began to reign; and he reigned… · tree and pragmatics
description: Manasseh was twelve years old when he began to reign; and he reigned five and fifty years in Jerusalem; and his mother's name was Hephzi-bah. Who acts: Manasseh, name, mother. 2 Kings 21:1 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# 2 Kings 21:1 · JPS 1917

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Manasseh was twelve years old when he began to reign; and he reigned five and fifty years in Jerusalem; and his mother's name was Hephzi-bah.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Manasseh, name, mother · **What happens:** be, begin, reign, name · **To what, where:** Jerusalem, Hephzi bah

<!-- .vabout -->
This is 2 Kings 21:1 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Manasseh, name, mother), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:2KI:652
# text = Manasseh was twelve years old when he began to reign; and he reigned five and fifty years in Jerusalem; and his mother's name was Hephzi-bah.
1	Manasseh	Manasseh	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	twelve	twelve	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl:unmarked	_	_
5	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	8	mark	_	_
7	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
8	began	begin	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	advcl	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
10	reign	reign	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	xcomp	_	_
11	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	14	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
13	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
14	reigned	reign	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
15	five	five	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	18	nummod	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	fifty	fifty	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	15	conj	_	_
18	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	obl:unmarked	_	_
19	in	in	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
20	Jerusalem	Jerusalem	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	_
21	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	30	punct	_	_
22	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	30	cc	_	_
23	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	24	nmod:poss	_	_
24	mother	mother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	nmod:poss	_	_
25	's	's	PART	POS	_	24	case	_	_
26	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	nsubj	_	_
27	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	30	cop	_	_
28	Hephzi	Hephzi	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	30	flat	_	_
29	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	30	punct	_	_
30	bah	Hephzi-bah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
31	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | Manasseh |  |  |  | year | old *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **begin** | past | Manasseh |  |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 3 | **reign** | to-infinitive | Manasseh *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **reign** | past | Manasseh |  |  | Jerusalem | year |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **is a** | past | Manasseh's mother's name | Hephzi bah |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 6 | **name** |  | Manasseh's mother |  |  |  |  |  | nom name «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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בֶּן־שְׁתֵּ֨ים עֶשְׂרֵ֤ה שָׁנָה֙ מְנַשֶּׁ֣ה בְמָלְכ֔וֹ וַחֲמִשִּׁ֤ים וְחָמֵשׁ֙ שָׁנָ֔ה מָלַ֖ךְ בִּירוּשָׁלִָ֑ם וְשֵׁ֥ם אִמּ֖וֹ חֶפְצִי־בָֽהּחֶפְצִי־בָֽהּ׃

[2 Kings 21:1: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.21.1/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:2KI:652` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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