---
title: 2 Kings 21:6 (JPS 1917) — And he made his son to pass through the fire, and practised soothsay… · tree and pragmatics
description: And he made his son to pass through the fire, and practised soothsaying, and used enchantments, and appointed them that divined by a ghost or a familiar spirit: he wrought much evil in the sight of the LORD, to provoke Him. Who acts: LORD, son. 2 Kings 21:6 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and t
---

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# 2 Kings 21:6 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And he made his son to pass through the fire, and practised soothsaying, and used enchantments, and appointed them that divined by a ghost or a familiar spirit: he wrought much evil in the sight of the LORD, to provoke Him.

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**Who acts:** LORD, son · **What happens:** make, pass, practise, use, appoint, divine · **To what, where:** son, fire, soothsaying, enchantments, much evil, sight

<!-- .vabout -->
This is 2 Kings 21:6 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (LORD, son), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:2KI:657
# text = And he made his son to pass through the fire, and practised soothsaying, and used enchantments, and appointed them that divined by a ghost or a familiar spirit: he wrought much evil in the sight of the LORD, to provoke Him.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	pass	pass	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
8	through	through	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	practised	practise	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
14	soothsaying	soothsay	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	_
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	used	use	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	conj	_	_
18	enchantments	enchantment	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	obj	_	_
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
21	appointed	appoint	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
22	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	21	obj	_	_
23	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	24	nsubj	_	_
24	divined	divine	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	22	acl:relcl	_	_
25	by	by	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
26	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	ghost	ghost	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obl	_	_
28	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	31	cc	_	_
29	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
30	familiar	familiar	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	31	amod	_	_
31	spirit	spirit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	conj	_	_
32	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	34	punct	_	_
33	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	34	nsubj	_	_
34	wrought	wrought	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
35	much	much	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	36	amod	_	_
36	evil	evil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	34	obj	_	_
37	in	in	ADP	IN	_	39	case	_	_
38	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	39	det	_	_
39	sight	sight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	34	obl	_	_
40	of	of	ADP	IN	_	42	case	_	_
41	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	42	det	_	_
42	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	39	nmod	_	_
43	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	45	punct	_	_
44	to	to	PART	TO	_	45	mark	_	_
45	provoke	provoke	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	34	advcl	_	_
46	Him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	45	obj	_	_
47	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: neg
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past | LORD | LORD's son |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **pass** | to-infinitive | LORD's son *not said here* |  |  | the fire |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme through fire=Location |
| 3 | **practise** | past | LORD *not said here* | soothsaying |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **use** | past | LORD *not said here* | enchantments |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent enchantment=Patient |
| 5 | **appoint** | past | LORD *not said here* | enchantments *= enchantment* |  |  |  |  | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme |
| 6 | **divine** | past |  |  |  |  |  | by a ghost or a familiar spirit | tree rules |
| 7 | **wrought** | past | LORD | much evil |  | the sight of the LORD |  |  | tree rules |
| 8 | **provoke** | to-infinitive | LORD *not said here* | LORD |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus he=Experiencer |
| 9 | **sight** |  |  | the LORD |  |  |  |  | nom sight «cognition transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וְהֶעֱבִ֤יר אֶת־בְּנוֹ֙ בָּאֵ֔שׁ וְעוֹנֵ֣ן וְנִחֵ֔שׁ וְעָ֥שָׂה א֖וֹב וְיִדְּעֹנִ֑ים הִרְבָּ֗ה לַעֲשׂ֥וֹת הָרַ֛ע בְּעֵינֵ֥י יְהוָ֖ה לְהַכְעִֽיס׃

[2 Kings 21:6: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.21.6/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:2KI:657` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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