---
title: 2 Kings 21:11 (JPS 1917) — 'Because Manasseh king of Judah hath done these abominations, and ha… · tree and pragmatics
description: 'Because Manasseh king of Judah hath done these abominations, and hath done wickedly above all that the Amorites did, that were before him, and hath made Judah also to sin with his idols; Who acts: Manasseh king, Amorites, Judah. 2 Kings 21:11 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics 
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.662/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [2 Kings](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI/) / [chapter 21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI/21/) / [21:11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.21.11/) / JPS 1

# 2 Kings 21:11 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
'Because Manasseh king of Judah hath done these abominations, and hath done wickedly above all that the Amorites did, that were before him, and hath made Judah also to sin with his idols;

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Manasseh king, Amorites, Judah · **What happens:** do, be, make, sin · **To what, where:** abominations, all, Judah

<!-- .vabout -->
This is 2 Kings 21:11 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Manasseh king, Amorites, Judah), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:2KI:662
# text = 'Because Manasseh king of Judah hath done these abominations, and hath done wickedly above all that the Amorites did, that were before him, and hath made Judah also to sin with his idols;
1	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	8	punct	_	_
2	Because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
3	Manasseh	Manasseh	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	Judah	Judah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
7	hath	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
8	done	do	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
9	these	this	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	10	det	_	_
10	abominations	abomination	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obj	_	_
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
13	hath	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	aux	_	_
14	done	do	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	8	conj	_	_
15	wickedly	wickedly	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
16	above	above	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	14	obl	_	_
18	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	21	obj	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	Amorites	amorite	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	21	nsubj	_	_
21	did	do	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	17	acl:relcl	_	_
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
23	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	26	nsubj	_	_
24	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	26	cop	_	_
25	before	before	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
26	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	acl:relcl	_	_
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
28	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	30	cc	_	_
29	hath	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	30	aux	_	_
30	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	14	conj	_	_
31	Judah	Judah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	30	obj	_	_
32	also	also	ADV	RB	_	30	advmod	_	_
33	to	to	PART	TO	_	34	mark	_	_
34	sin	sin	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	30	xcomp	_	_
35	with	with	ADP	IN	_	37	case	_	_
36	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	37	nmod:poss	_	_
37	idols	idol	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	34	obl	_	_
38	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **do** | present · perfect | Manasseh king of Judah | this abominations |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent abomination=Eventuality |
| 2 | **do** | present · perfect | Manasseh king of Judah *not said here* |  |  | all |  | wickedly *property* | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **do** | past | the Amorites |  |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent that=Eventuality |
| 4 | **is** | past |  |  |  |  | before king |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **make** | present · perfect | Manasseh king of Judah *not said here* | Judah |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 6 | **sin** | to-infinitive | Judah *not said here* |  |  |  |  | with king's idols | vn rebel-71.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
יַעַן֩ אֲשֶׁ֨ר עָשָׂ֜ה מְנַשֶּׁ֤ה מֶֽלֶךְ־יְהוּדָה֙ הַתֹּעֵב֣וֹת הָאֵ֔לֶּה הֵרַ֕ע מִכֹּ֛ל אֲשֶׁר־עָשׂ֥וּ הָאֱמֹרִ֖י אֲשֶׁ֣ר לְפָנָ֑יו וַיַּחֲטִ֥א גַֽם־אֶת־יְהוּדָ֖ה בְּגִלּוּלָֽיו׃פ

[2 Kings 21:11: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.21.11/)

<!-- div src -->

**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:2KI:662` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [2 Kings 21:10 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.661/)
- next →: [2 Kings 21:12 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.663/)
- ↑ back to [2 Kings 21:11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.21.11/)