---
title: 2 Kings 3:20 (JPS 1917) — And it came to pass in the morning, about the time of making the off… · tree and pragmatics
description: And it came to pass in the morning, about the time of making the offering, that, behold, there came water by the way of Edom, and the country was filled with water. Who acts: piece, time, water. 2 Kings 3:20 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# 2 Kings 3:20 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And it came to pass in the morning, about the time of making the offering, that, behold, there came water by the way of Edom, and the country was filled with water.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** piece, time, water · **What happens:** come, pass, make, fill · **To what, where:** offering, country

<!-- .vabout -->
This is 2 Kings 3:20 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (piece, time, water), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:2KI:68
# text = And it came to pass in the morning, about the time of making the offering, that, behold, there came water by the way of Edom, and the country was filled with water.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	pass	pass	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	morning	morning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
10	about	about	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	mark	_	_
14	making	make	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	12	acl	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	offering	offering	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obj	_	_
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
18	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	23	mark	_	_
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
20	behold	behold	INTJ	UH	_	23	discourse	_	_
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
22	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	23	expl	_	_
23	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	ccomp	_	_
24	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	nsubj	_	_
25	by	by	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obl	_	_
28	of	of	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
29	Edom	Edom	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	27	nmod	_	_
30	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	35	punct	_	_
31	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	35	cc	_	_
32	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	33	det	_	_
33	country	country	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	35	nsubj:pass	_	_
34	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	35	aux:pass	_	_
35	filled	fill	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	23	conj	_	_
36	with	with	ADP	IN	_	37	case	_	_
37	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	35	obl	_	_
38	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | piece |  |  |  | morning; time |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **pass** | to-infinitive | piece *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **make** | gerund | the time *not said here* | the offering |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset offering=Product |
| 4 | **come** | past | water |  |  | there |  | by the way of Edom | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme by way=Location |
| 5 | **fill** | past · passive |  | the country |  |  |  | with water | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: subject=Patient with water=Instrument |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיְהִ֤י בַבֹּ֙קֶר֙ כַּעֲל֣וֹת הַמִּנְחָ֔ה וְהִנֵּה־מַ֥יִם בָּאִ֖ים מִדֶּ֣רֶךְ אֱד֑וֹם וַתִּמָּלֵ֥א הָאָ֖רֶץ אֶת־הַמָּֽיִם׃

[2 Kings 3:20: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.3.20/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:2KI:68` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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