--- title: 2 Kings 22:3 (JPS 1917) — And it came to pass in the eighteenth year of king Josiah, that the… · tree and pragmatics description: And it came to pass in the eighteenth year of king Josiah, that the king sent Shaphan the son of Azaliah, the son of Meshullam, the scribe, to the house of the LORD, saying. Who acts: king. 2 Kings 22:3 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.680/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [2 Kings](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI/) / [chapter 22](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI/22/) / [22:3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.22.3/) / JPS 1 # 2 Kings 22:3 · JPS 1917 And it came to pass in the eighteenth year of king Josiah, that the king sent Shaphan the son of Azaliah, the son of Meshullam, the scribe, to the house of the LORD, saying. **Who acts:** king · **What happens:** come, pass, send, say · **To what, where:** left, Shaphan, house · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is 2 Kings 22:3 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (king), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:2KI:680 # text = And it came to pass in the eighteenth year of king Josiah, that the king sent Shaphan the son of Azaliah, the son of Meshullam, the scribe, to the house of the LORD, saying. 1 And and CCONJ CC _ 3 cc _ _ 2 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 expl _ _ 3 came come VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 to to PART TO _ 5 mark _ _ 5 pass pass VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 3 xcomp _ _ 6 in in ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 7 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 9 det _ _ 8 eighteenth eighteenth ADJ JJ Degree=Pos|NumType=Ord 9 amod _ _ 9 year year NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obl _ _ 10 of of ADP IN _ 11 case _ _ 11 king king NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 compound _ _ 12 Josiah Josiah PROPN NNP Number=Sing 9 nmod _ _ 13 , , PUNCT , _ 17 punct _ _ 14 that that SCONJ IN _ 17 mark _ _ 15 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 16 det _ _ 16 king king NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 nsubj _ _ 17 sent send VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 csubj _ _ 18 Shaphan Shaphan PROPN NNP Number=Sing 17 obj _ _ 19 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 20 det _ _ 20 son son NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 appos _ _ 21 of of ADP IN _ 22 case _ _ 22 Azaliah Azaliah PROPN NNP Number=Sing 20 nmod _ _ 23 , , PUNCT , _ 25 punct _ _ 24 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 25 det _ _ 25 son son NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 appos _ _ 26 of of ADP IN _ 27 case _ _ 27 Meshullam Meshullam PROPN NNP Number=Sing 25 nmod _ _ 28 , , PUNCT , _ 30 punct _ _ 29 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 30 det _ _ 30 scribe scribe NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 appos _ _ 31 , , PUNCT , _ 34 punct _ _ 32 to to ADP IN _ 34 case _ _ 33 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 34 det _ _ 34 house house NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 obl _ _ 35 of of ADP IN _ 37 case _ _ 36 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 37 det _ _ 37 LORD LORD PROPN NNP Number=Sing 34 nmod _ _ 38 , , PUNCT , _ 39 punct _ _ 39 saying say VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 17 advcl _ _ 40 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **come** | past | | left | | | year | | tree rules | | 2 | **pass** | to-infinitive | | | | | | | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 3 | **send** | past | the king | Shaphan | | the house of the LORD | | | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent shaphan=Theme to house=Destination | | 4 | **say** *speech: assert* | gerund | the king *not said here* | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וַיְהִ֗י בִּשְׁמֹנֶ֤ה עֶשְׂרֵה֙ שָׁנָ֔ה לַמֶּ֖לֶךְ יֹאשִׁיָּ֑הוּ שָׁלַ֣ח הַ֠מֶּלֶךְ אֶת־שָׁפָ֨ן בֶּן־אֲצַלְיָ֤הוּ בֶן־מְשֻׁלָּם֙ הַסֹּפֵ֔ר בֵּ֥ית יְהוָ֖ה לֵאמֹֽר׃ [2 Kings 22:3: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.22.3/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:2KI:680` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [2 Kings 22:2 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.679/) - next →: [2 Kings 22:4 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.681/) - ↑ back to [2 Kings 22:3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.22.3/)