---
title: 2 Kings 22:12 (JPS 1917) — And the king commanded Hilkiah the priest, and Ahikam the son of Sha… · tree and pragmatics
description: And the king commanded Hilkiah the priest, and Ahikam the son of Shaphan, and Achbor the son of Micaiah, and Shaphan the scribe, and Asaiah the king's servant, saying: Who acts: king. 2 Kings 22:12 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# 2 Kings 22:12 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And the king commanded Hilkiah the priest, and Ahikam the son of Shaphan, and Achbor the son of Micaiah, and Shaphan the scribe, and Asaiah the king's servant, saying:

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** king · **What happens:** command, say · **To what, where:** Hilkiah · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is 2 Kings 22:12 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (king), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:2KI:689
# text = And the king commanded Hilkiah the priest, and Ahikam the son of Shaphan, and Achbor the son of Micaiah, and Shaphan the scribe, and Asaiah the king's servant, saying:
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	commanded	command	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	Hilkiah	Hilkiah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	priest	priest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	appos	_	_
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	Ahikam	Ahikam	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	appos	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	Shaphan	Shaphan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	_
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	Achbor	Achbor	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	appos	_	_
20	of	of	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	Micaiah	Micaiah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	nmod	_	_
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
24	Shaphan	Shaphan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	scribe	scribe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	appos	_	_
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
28	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	29	cc	_	_
29	Asaiah	Asaiah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
30	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
31	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	nmod:poss	_	_
32	's	's	PART	POS	_	31	case	_	_
33	servant	servant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	appos	_	_
34	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	35	punct	_	_
35	saying	say	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	advcl	_	_
36	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **command** | past | the king | Hilkiah and Ahikam and Achbor and Shaphan and Asaiah |  |  |  |  | vn supervision-95.2.2-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent hilkiah=Theme |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | gerund | the king *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיְצַ֣ו הַמֶּ֡לֶךְ אֶת־חִלְקִיָּ֣ה הַכֹּהֵ֡ן וְאֶת־אֲחִיקָ֣ם בֶּן־שָׁ֠פָן וְאֶת־עַכְבּ֨וֹר בֶּן־מִיכָיָ֜ה וְאֵ֣ת ׀ שָׁפָ֣ן הַסֹּפֵ֗ר וְאֵ֛ת עֲשָׂיָ֥ה עֶֽבֶד־הַמֶּ֖לֶךְ לֵאמֹֽר׃

[2 Kings 22:12: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.22.12/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:2KI:689` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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