---
title: 2 Kings 23:5 (JPS 1917) — And he put down the idolatrous priests, whom the kings of Judah had… · tree and pragmatics
description: And he put down the idolatrous priests, whom the kings of Judah had ordained to offer in the high places in the cities of Judah, and in the places round about Jerusalem; them also that offered unto Baal, to the sun, and to the moon, and to the constellations, and to all the host of heaven. Who acts:
---

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# 2 Kings 23:5 · JPS 1917

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And he put down the idolatrous priests, whom the kings of Judah had ordained to offer in the high places in the cities of Judah, and in the places round about Jerusalem; them also that offered unto Baal, to the sun, and to the moon, and to the constellations, and to all the host of heaven.

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**Who acts:** king, kings · **What happens:** put down, ordain, offer · **To what, where:** idolatrous priests, high places, sun

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This is 2 Kings 23:5 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (king, kings), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:2KI:702
# text = And he put down the idolatrous priests, whom the kings of Judah had ordained to offer in the high places in the cities of Judah, and in the places round about Jerusalem; them also that offered unto Baal, to the sun, and to the moon, and to the constellations, and to all the host of heaven.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	put	put	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	down	down	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	idolatrous	idolatrous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	priests	priest	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
9	whom	whom	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	15	obj	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	kings	king	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	nsubj	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	Judah	Judah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	_
14	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	15	aux	_	_
15	ordained	ordain	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	acl:relcl	_	_
16	to	to	PART	TO	_	17	mark	_	_
17	offer	offer	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	15	xcomp	_	_
18	in	in	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
20	high	high	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	_
21	places	place	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	obl	_	_
22	in	in	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	cities	city	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	obl	_	_
25	of	of	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
26	Judah	Judah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	24	nmod	_	_
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	31	punct	_	_
28	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	31	cc	_	_
29	in	in	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
30	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
31	places	place	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	conj	_	_
32	round	round	ADV	RB	_	31	advmod	_	_
33	about	about	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
34	Jerusalem	Jerusalem	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	31	nmod	_	_
35	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	36	punct	_	_
36	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	appos	_	_
37	also	also	ADV	RB	_	39	advmod	_	_
38	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	39	nsubj	_	_
39	offered	offer	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	36	acl:relcl	_	_
40	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	41	case	_	_
41	Baal	Baal	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	39	obl	_	_
42	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	45	punct	_	_
43	to	to	ADP	IN	_	45	case	_	_
44	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	45	det	_	_
45	sun	sun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	39	obl	_	_
46	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	50	punct	_	_
47	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	50	cc	_	_
48	to	to	ADP	IN	_	50	case	_	_
49	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	50	det	_	_
50	moon	moon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	45	conj	_	_
51	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	55	punct	_	_
52	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	55	cc	_	_
53	to	to	ADP	IN	_	55	case	_	_
54	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	55	det	_	_
55	constellations	constellation	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	45	conj	_	_
56	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	61	punct	_	_
57	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	61	cc	_	_
58	to	to	ADP	IN	_	61	case	_	_
59	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	61	det:predet	_	_
60	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	61	det	_	_
61	host	host	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	55	conj	_	_
62	of	of	ADP	IN	_	63	case	_	_
63	heaven	heaven	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	61	nmod	_	_
64	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **put down** | past | king | the idolatrous priests |  |  |  |  | vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent priest=Goal |
| 2 | **ordain** | past · perfect | the kings of Judah | the idolatrous priests |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **offer** | to-infinitive | the kings of Judah *not said here* |  |  | the high places |  | in the cities of Judah | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **offer** | past |  |  |  |  |  | to the sun and the moon and the constellations and all host of heaven *goal*; unto Baal | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP PP.goal»: agent=Agent to sun=Goal |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וְהִשְׁבִּ֣ית אֶת־הַכְּמָרִ֗ים אֲשֶׁ֤ר נָֽתְנוּ֙ מַלְכֵ֣י יְהוּדָ֔ה וַיְקַטֵּ֤ר בַּבָּמוֹת֙ בְּעָרֵ֣י יְהוּדָ֔ה וּמְסִבֵּ֖י יְרוּשָׁלִָ֑ם וְאֶת־הַֽמְקַטְּרִ֣ים לַבַּ֗עַל לַשֶּׁ֤מֶשׁ וְלַיָּרֵ֙חַ֙ וְלַמַּזָּל֔וֹת וּלְכֹ֖ל צְבָ֥א הַשָּׁמָֽיִם׃

[2 Kings 23:5: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.23.5/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:2KI:702` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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