--- title: 2 Kings 23:19 (JPS 1917) — And all the houses also of the high places that were in the cities o… · tree and pragmatics description: And all the houses also of the high places that were in the cities of Samaria, which the kings of Israel had made to provoke the LORD, Josiah took away, and did to them according to all the acts that he had done in Beth-el. Who acts: high places, kings, houses, Josiah. 2 Kings 23:19 in JPS 1917 with --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.716/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [2 Kings](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI/) / [chapter 23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI/23/) / [23:19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.23.19/) / JPS 1 # 2 Kings 23:19 · JPS 1917 And all the houses also of the high places that were in the cities of Samaria, which the kings of Israel had made to provoke the LORD, Josiah took away, and did to them according to all the acts that he had done in Beth-el. **Who acts:** high places, kings, houses, Josiah · **What happens:** be, make, provoke, take away, do, accord · **To what, where:** cities, high places, LORD, men, acts, Beth el This is 2 Kings 23:19 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (high places, kings, houses, Josiah), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:2KI:716 # text = And all the houses also of the high places that were in the cities of Samaria, which the kings of Israel had made to provoke the LORD, Josiah took away, and did to them according to all the acts that he had done in Beth-el. 1 And and CCONJ CC _ 31 cc _ _ 2 all all DET PDT PronType=Tot 4 det:predet _ _ 3 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 4 houses house NOUN NNS Number=Plur 31 nsubj _ _ 5 also also ADV RB _ 4 advmod _ _ 6 of of ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 7 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 9 det _ _ 8 high high ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 9 amod _ _ 9 places place NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 nmod _ _ 10 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 14 nsubj _ _ 11 were be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 14 cop _ _ 12 in in ADP IN _ 14 case _ _ 13 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 14 det _ _ 14 cities city NOUN NNS Number=Plur 9 acl:relcl _ _ 15 of of ADP IN _ 16 case _ _ 16 Samaria Samaria PROPN NNP Number=Sing 14 nmod _ _ 17 , , PUNCT , _ 24 punct _ _ 18 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 24 obj _ _ 19 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 20 det _ _ 20 kings king NOUN NNS Number=Plur 24 nsubj _ _ 21 of of ADP IN _ 22 case _ _ 22 Israel Israel PROPN NNP Number=Sing 20 nmod _ _ 23 had have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 24 aux _ _ 24 made make VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 9 acl:relcl _ _ 25 to to PART TO _ 26 mark _ _ 26 provoke provoke VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 24 advcl _ _ 27 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 28 det _ _ 28 LORD LORD PROPN NNP Number=Sing 26 obj _ _ 29 , , PUNCT , _ 31 punct _ _ 30 Josiah Josiah PROPN NNP Number=Sing 31 nsubj _ _ 31 took take VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 32 away away ADV RB _ 31 advmod _ _ 33 , , PUNCT , _ 35 punct _ _ 34 and and CCONJ CC _ 35 cc _ _ 35 did do VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 31 conj _ _ 36 to to ADP IN _ 37 case _ _ 37 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 35 obl _ _ 38 according accord VERB VBG ExtPos=ADP|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 42 case _ _ 39 to to ADP IN _ 38 fixed _ _ 40 all all DET PDT PronType=Tot 42 det:predet _ _ 41 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 42 det _ _ 42 acts act NOUN NNS Number=Plur 35 obl _ _ 43 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 46 obj _ _ 44 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 46 nsubj _ _ 45 had have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 46 aux _ _ 46 done do VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 42 acl:relcl _ _ 47 in in ADP IN _ 50 case _ _ 48 Beth Beth PROPN NNP Number=Sing 50 compound _ _ 49 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 50 punct _ _ 50 el El PROPN NNP Number=Sing 46 obl _ _ 51 . . PUNCT . _ 31 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is** | past | the high places | | | the cities | | of Samaria | tree rules | | 2 | **make** | past · perfect | the kings of Israel | the high places | | | | | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent which=Product | | 3 | **provoke** | to-infinitive | the kings of Israel *not said here* | the LORD | | | | | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus lord=Experiencer | | 4 | **take away** | past | all houses of the high places | | | | | away *property* | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 5 | **do** | past | all houses of the high places *not said here* | | men *= man* | | | accord all acts | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 6 | **accord** | gerund | | | | | | | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent | | 7 | **do** | past · perfect | Josiah | all acts | | Beth el | | | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent that=Eventuality | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וְגַם֩ אֶת־כָּל־בָּתֵּ֨י הַבָּמ֜וֹת אֲשֶׁ֣ר ׀ בְּעָרֵ֣י שֹׁמְר֗וֹן אֲשֶׁ֨ר עָשׂ֜וּ מַלְכֵ֤י יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ לְהַכְעִ֔יס הֵסִ֖יר יֹֽאשִׁיָּ֑הוּ וַיַּ֣עַשׂ לָהֶ֔ם כְּכָל־הַֽמַּעֲשִׂ֔ים אֲשֶׁ֥ר עָשָׂ֖ה בְּבֵֽית־אֵֽלבֵֽית־אֵֽל׃ [2 Kings 23:19: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.23.19/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:2KI:716` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [2 Kings 23:18 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.715/) - next →: [2 Kings 23:20 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.717/) - ↑ back to [2 Kings 23:19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.23.19/)