---
title: 2 Kings 3:27 (JPS 1917) — Then he took his eldest son that should have reigned in his stead, a… · tree and pragmatics
description: Then he took his eldest son that should have reigned in his stead, and offered him for a burnt-offering upon the wall. Who acts: man, eldest son. 2 Kings 3:27 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# 2 Kings 3:27 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 2

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Then he took his eldest son that should have reigned in his stead, and offered him for a burnt-offering upon the wall.

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**Who acts:** man, eldest son · **What happens:** take, reign, offer · **To what, where:** eldest son, stead, man

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This is 2 Kings 3:27 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 2 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (man, eldest son), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:2KI:76
# text = Then he took his eldest son that should have reigned in his stead, and offered him for a burnt-offering upon the wall.
1	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	3	advmod	_	_
2	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
5	eldest	eldest	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	6	amod	_	_
6	son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	10	nsubj	_	_
8	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
9	have	have	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	aux	_	_
10	reigned	reign	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	6	acl:relcl	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	13	nmod:poss	_	_
13	stead	stead	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	offered	offer	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
17	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	obj	_	_
18	for	for	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
19	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
20	burnt	burn	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	22	amod	_	_
21	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	20	punct	_	_
22	offering	offering	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	_
23	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	wall	wall	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	nmod	_	_
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | past | man |  | man's eldest son |  | then |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Instrument son=Destination |
| 2 | **reign** | should · perfect | man's eldest son |  |  | man's stead |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **offer** | past | man *not said here* | man |  |  |  | for a burnt offering upon the wall *goal* | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP PP.goal»: agent=Agent he=Theme for offering=Goal |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיִּקַּח֩ אֶת־בְּנ֨וֹ הַבְּכ֜וֹר אֲשֶׁר־יִמְלֹ֣ךְ תַּחְתָּ֗יו וַיַּעֲלֵ֤הוּ עֹלָה֙ עַל־הַ֣חֹמָ֔ה וַיְהִ֥י קֶצֶף־גָּד֖וֹל עַל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וַיִּסְעוּ֙ מֵֽעָלָ֔יו וַיָּשֻׁ֖בוּ לָאָֽרֶץ׃פ

[2 Kings 3:27: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.3.27/)

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This verse in JPS 1917:

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1. **Then he took his eldest son that should have reigned in his stead, and offered him for a burnt-offering upon the wall.**
2. [And there came great wrath upon Israel; and they departed from him, and returned to their own land.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.77/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:2KI:76` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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