--- title: 2 Kings 25:4 (JPS 1917) — Then a breach was made in the city, and all the men of war fled by n… · tree and pragmatics description: Then a breach was made in the city, and all the men of war fled by night by the way of the gate between the two walls, which was by the king's garden — now the Chaldeans were against the city round about — and the king went by the way of the Arabah. Who acts: men, two walls, Chaldeans, king. 2 Kings --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.760/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [2 Kings](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI/) / [chapter 25](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI/25/) / [25:4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.25.4/) / JPS 1 # 2 Kings 25:4 · JPS 1917 Then a breach was made in the city, and all the men of war fled by night by the way of the gate between the two walls, which was by the king's garden — now the Chaldeans were against the city round about — and the king went by the way of the Arabah. **Who acts:** men, two walls, Chaldeans, king · **What happens:** make, flee, be, go · **To what, where:** breach, city This is 2 Kings 25:4 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (men, two walls, Chaldeans, king), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:2KI:760 # text = Then a breach was made in the city, and all the men of war fled by night by the way of the gate between the two walls, which was by the king's garden — now the Chaldeans were against the city round about — and the king went by the way of the Arabah. 1 Then then ADV RB PronType=Dem 5 advmod _ _ 2 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 3 breach breach NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 nsubj:pass _ _ 4 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 5 aux:pass _ _ 5 made make VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 6 in in ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 7 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 8 city city NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 obl _ _ 9 , , PUNCT , _ 16 punct _ _ 10 and and CCONJ CC _ 16 cc _ _ 11 all all DET PDT PronType=Tot 13 det:predet _ _ 12 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 13 det _ _ 13 men man NOUN NNS Number=Plur 16 nsubj _ _ 14 of of ADP IN _ 15 case _ _ 15 war war NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 nmod _ _ 16 fled flee VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 5 conj _ _ 17 by by ADP IN _ 18 case _ _ 18 night night NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 obl _ _ 19 by by ADP IN _ 21 case _ _ 20 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 21 det _ _ 21 way way NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 obl _ _ 22 of of ADP IN _ 24 case _ _ 23 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 24 det _ _ 24 gate gate NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 nmod _ _ 25 between between ADP IN _ 28 case _ _ 26 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 28 det _ _ 27 two two NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 28 nummod _ _ 28 walls wall NOUN NNS Number=Plur 24 nmod _ _ 29 , , PUNCT , _ 36 punct _ _ 30 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 36 nsubj _ _ 31 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 36 cop _ _ 32 by by ADP IN _ 36 case _ _ 33 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 34 det _ _ 34 king king NOUN NN Number=Sing 36 nmod:poss _ _ 35 's 's PART POS _ 34 case _ _ 36 garden garden NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 acl:relcl _ _ 37 — - PUNCT : _ 44 punct _ _ 38 now now ADV RB PronType=Dem 44 advmod _ _ 39 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 40 det _ _ 40 Chaldeans chaldean PROPN NNPS Number=Plur 44 nsubj _ _ 41 were be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 44 cop _ _ 42 against against ADP IN _ 44 case _ _ 43 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 44 det _ _ 44 city city NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 parataxis _ _ 45 round round ADV RB _ 46 advmod _ _ 46 about about ADV RB _ 44 advmod _ _ 47 — - PUNCT : _ 51 punct _ _ 48 and and CCONJ CC _ 51 cc _ _ 49 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 50 det _ _ 50 king king NOUN NN Number=Sing 51 nsubj _ _ 51 went go VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 5 conj _ _ 52 by by ADP IN _ 54 case _ _ 53 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 54 det _ _ 54 way way NOUN NN Number=Sing 51 obl _ _ 55 of of ADP IN _ 57 case _ _ 56 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 57 det _ _ 57 Arabah Arabah PROPN NNP Number=Sing 54 nmod _ _ 58 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **make** | past · passive | | a breach | | the city | then | | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product | | 2 | **flee** | past | all men of war | | | | night | by the way of the gate between the two walls | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 3 | **is** | past | the two walls | | | | | by the king's garden | tree rules | | 4 | **is** | past | the Chaldeans | | | | now | against the city; about *property* | tree rules | | 5 | **go** | past | the king | | | | | by the way of the Arabah | vn occur-48.3-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme by way=Location | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וַתִּבָּקַ֣ע הָעִ֗יר וְכָל־אַנְשֵׁ֨י הַמִּלְחָמָ֤ה ׀ הַלַּ֙יְלָה֙ דֶּ֜רֶךְ שַׁ֣עַר ׀ בֵּ֣ין הַחֹמֹתַ֗יִם אֲשֶׁר֙ עַל־גַּ֣ן הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ וְכַשְׂדִּ֥ים עַל־הָעִ֖יר סָבִ֑יב וַיֵּ֖לֶךְ דֶּ֥רֶךְ הָעֲרָבָֽה׃ [2 Kings 25:4: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.25.4/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:2KI:760` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [2 Kings 25:3 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.759/) - next →: [2 Kings 25:5 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.761/) - ↑ back to [2 Kings 25:4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.25.4/)